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arrange the compounds below in decreasing order of the ionic character …

Question

arrange the compounds below in decreasing order of the ionic character of the bonds in them. that is, pick 1 for the compound with the most ionic bonds, pick 2 for the compound with the next most ionic bonds, and so on.

Explanation:

Brief Explanations

Ionic character is determined by the difference in electronegativity between the atoms in a compound. The greater the electronegativity difference, the more ionic the bond.

  • \(Cl_2\) is a non - polar covalent compound (electronegativity difference \(= 0\)), so it has the least ionic character (\(4\)).
  • \(SCl_4\) is a covalent compound. The electronegativity difference between \(S\) (\(2.58\)) and \(Cl\) (\(3.16\)) is relatively small.
  • For ionic compounds \(LiCl\) and \(CsCl\), we use the trend in electronegativity of metals. Electronegativity of \(Li=0.98\), \(Cs = 0.79\), and \(Cl = 3.16\). The electronegativity difference for \(LiCl\) is \(|3.16 - 0.98|=2.18\), and for \(CsCl\) is \(|3.16 - 0.79| = 2.37\). But due to the smaller size of \(Li^+\) compared to \(Cs^+\), according to Fajan's rules, \(LiCl\) has more covalent character than \(CsCl\). So \(CsCl\) (\(2\)) has more ionic character than \(LiCl\) (\(3\)).

Answer:

\(Cl_2\) (\(4\)) \(<\) \(SCl_4\) (\(3\)) \(<\) \(LiCl\) (\(2\)) \(<\) \(CsCl\) (\(1\))