Question

1. chemical name: hydrogen sulfite anion formula: hso₃⁻ lewis electron - dot structure (with resonance description): perspective drawing of one resonance structure with bond angles: standard electron geometry (s atom): molecular geometry (s atom): hybridization of central atom (s atom): standard electron geometry (o atom): molecular geometry (o atom): hybridization of central atom (o atom): is the molecule polar, nonpolar, or ion?

Explanation:

Step1: Determine valence - electrons

S has 6 valence electrons, H has 1, and O has 6. For $HSO_3^-$, the total number of valence electrons is $1 + 6+3\times6 + 1=26$.

Step2: Draw Lewis structure

The sulfur atom is the central atom. It forms a single - bond with the hydrogen atom, double - bond with one oxygen atom and single - bonds with two other oxygen atoms. One of the single - bonded oxygen atoms has a negative charge. There are resonance structures as the double - bond can be delocalized among the three oxygen atoms.

Step3: Find electron and molecular geometry of S atom

The central S atom has 3 bonding domains and 1 lone pair. The standard electron geometry of S is tetrahedral and the molecular geometry is trigonal pyramidal. The hybridization of the central S atom is $sp^3$.

Step4: Find electron and molecular geometry of O atom

For the oxygen atom in the $S - O$ single bond, it has 2 bonding domains and 2 lone pairs. The standard electron geometry of O is tetrahedral and the molecular geometry is bent. The hybridization of this O atom is $sp^3$.

Step5: Determine polarity

The $HSO_3^-$ is an ion. It has a net negative charge due to the extra electron.

Answer:

Lewis electron - dot structure: S is central, single - bonded to H, double - bonded to one O and single - bonded to two other O's, one of the single - bonded O's has a negative charge; resonance exists as the double - bond can be delocalized among the three O atoms.
Perspective drawing: Trigonal pyramidal around S (for one resonance structure), with appropriate bond angles (less than 109.5° due to lone - pair repulsion).
Standard electron geometry (S atom): Tetrahedral
Molecular geometry (S atom): Trigonal pyramidal
Hybridization of central atom (S atom): $sp^3$
Standard electron geometry (O atom): Tetrahedral
Molecular geometry (O atom): Bent
Hybridization of central atom (O atom): $sp^3$
Is the molecule polar, nonpolar, or ion? Ion.