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2, 6, 10, x, 1, 9, 5? the median of the seven given numbers is 6. which…

Question

2, 6, 10, x, 1, 9, 5? the median of the seven given numbers is 6. which of the following could be the value of x? a) 3 b) 4 c) 5 d) 6

Explanation:

Step1: 排序已知数

将除\(x\)外的数排序:\(1, 2, 5, 6, 9, 10\)。

Step2: 分析中位数位置

7个数的中位数是第\(4\)个数(\(n = 7\),中位数位置为\(\frac{7 + 1}{2}=4\))。

Step3: 确定\(x\)的范围

为使中位数为\(6\),排序后第\(4\)个数需为\(6\)。将\(x\)插入后,\(x\)应满足:当排序时,\(x\)的位置不影响第\(4\)个数为\(6\),即\(x\leqslant6\)(若\(x\gt6\),排序后第\(4\)个数会大于\(6\);若\(x\leqslant6\),排序后第\(4\)个数为\(6\))。

Step4: 验证选项

  • 选项A:\(x = 3\),排序后为\(1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10\)?不,排序应为\(1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10\)?不对,正确排序:\(1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10\)?不,原数有\(6\),正确排序:\(1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10\)?中位数是第\(4\)个数\(5\),不符合。
  • 选项B:\(x = 4\),排序后\(1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10\),中位数第\(4\)个数\(5\),不符合。
  • 选项C:\(x = 5\),排序后\(1, 2, 5, 5, 6, 9, 10\),中位数第\(4\)个数\(5\),不符合。
  • 选项D:\(x = 6\),排序后\(1, 2, 5, 6, 6, 9, 10\),中位数第\(4\)个数\(6\),符合。

Answer:

D) 6