QUESTION IMAGE
Question
2, 6, 10, x, 1, 9, 5? the median of the seven given numbers is 6. which of the following could be the value of x? a) 3 b) 4 c) 5 d) 6
Step1: 排序已知数
将除\(x\)外的数排序:\(1, 2, 5, 6, 9, 10\)。
Step2: 分析中位数位置
7个数的中位数是第\(4\)个数(\(n = 7\),中位数位置为\(\frac{7 + 1}{2}=4\))。
Step3: 确定\(x\)的范围
为使中位数为\(6\),排序后第\(4\)个数需为\(6\)。将\(x\)插入后,\(x\)应满足:当排序时,\(x\)的位置不影响第\(4\)个数为\(6\),即\(x\leqslant6\)(若\(x\gt6\),排序后第\(4\)个数会大于\(6\);若\(x\leqslant6\),排序后第\(4\)个数为\(6\))。
Step4: 验证选项
- 选项A:\(x = 3\),排序后为\(1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10\)?不,排序应为\(1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10\)?不对,正确排序:\(1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10\)?不,原数有\(6\),正确排序:\(1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10\)?中位数是第\(4\)个数\(5\),不符合。
- 选项B:\(x = 4\),排序后\(1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10\),中位数第\(4\)个数\(5\),不符合。
- 选项C:\(x = 5\),排序后\(1, 2, 5, 5, 6, 9, 10\),中位数第\(4\)个数\(5\),不符合。
- 选项D:\(x = 6\),排序后\(1, 2, 5, 6, 6, 9, 10\),中位数第\(4\)个数\(6\),符合。
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D) 6