化學
化學反應、化學計量、分子結構與元素性質。
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after completing an experiment, all chemical wastes should be * left at…
First question: "disposed of according to your instructor's directions." Second question: "discuss the issue with your instructor"
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if a laboratory fire erupts, immediately * notify your instructor. run …
First question: notify your instructor. Second question: any time chemicals, heat or glassware are used.
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phase changes fill in the blanks: 10. temperature is the average ______…
10. kinetic energy 11. temperature 12. No, the overall temperature does not change during a change of the state of matter (while melting, condensing, freezing, etc.)
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based on the location of nitrogen (n) on the periodic table, how many a…
three
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lead is malleable, so it can be pounded into flat sheets without breaki…
Metallic bonds involve many valence electrons shared by many atoms, so the bonds can move around as the metal is pounded.
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what information on the periodic table is used to complete electron dot…
The number before the A at the top of a column shows how many dots to draw in the diagram.
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metal atoms tend to give away valence electrons when they bond with non…
An ionic bond will form because electrons are transferred.
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fluorine (f) and bromine (br) are in the same group on the periodic tab…
C. Both a fluorine atom and a bromine atom gain one electron, and both atoms become stable.
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when sodium atoms (na) and chlorine atoms (cl) join to make sodium chlo…
Potassium (K) and fluorine (F)
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which atom is most likely to form a metallic bond? ○ aluminum (al) ○ he…
aluminum (Al)
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helium (he) and neon (ne) are elements in group 8a of the periodic tabl…
The electron dot diagram of helium has six fewer dots than the electron dot diagram of neon.
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practice: gas stoichiometry •automobile air bags inflate during a crash…
\( 111\ g\)
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skill 2: use models to demonstrate how the position of particles change…
6. Gas. Because gas particles move freely and rapidly. 7. Solid. Because solid particles are closely packed and have limited movement. 8. False. 9. (This requires a visual drawing…
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complete the passage to describe how electrons are represented in elect…
The maximum number of dots an electron dot diagram can have is 8. The maximum number of dots drawn on a side of a chemical symbol in an electron dot diagram is 2.
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locate f, o, br, se on the periodic table. which would you expect to be…
F
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checkpoint 2: locate f, o, br, se on the periodic table. which would yo…
Se
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does the model correctly represent the electron dot diagram of magnesiu…
- No, because the chemical symbol of magnesium is Mn. (This option is wrong as the symbol is Mg, but we are analyzing the options) - No, because both of the dots should be on top …
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locate cs, sr, rb, and ba on the periodic table. which would you expect…
Sr
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checkpoint 1: locate cs, sr, rb, and ba on the periodic table. which wo…
Cs
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nonmetal reactivity decreases down the group because the more electron …
the more electron energy levels make it difficult for atoms to attract (gain) electrons.
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as the atomic size (increases/decreases) down a group, electronegativit…
increases / decreases / lower / less
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for nonmetals, as you go down a group, the reactivity ____________; as …
C. Decreases; Increases
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reactivity of nonmetals is the complete opposite of metals because nonm…
gain electrons
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for metals, the reactivity ____________ as you go from left to right in…
Decreases
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the closer a valence electron is to the nucleus, the (higher/lower) the…
higher - more difficult
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clicker question which one is the stronger acid, ph₃ or h₂s? a. ph₃ b. …
B. \(H_2S\)
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for metals, as you go down a group, the reactivity_________; as you go …
Increases; Decreases
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hs chemistry unit 1 review guide lesson 3: how does heat move between t…
1. decreases 2. increases 3. decreases 4. increase
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clicker question which one is the strongest acid, h₂se, h₂s or h₂o? a. …
C. \(H_2Se\)
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what information is shown in an atoms electron dot diagram? the number …
the number of valence electrons an atom has
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calcium chloride is used to make pickles. the calcium atom transfers el…
- Calcium chloride: ionic - Pennies (copper): metallic - Hydrochloric acid: covalent
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5. which carbon skeleton represents a ketone? c - c - c - c - o c - c -…
The second option (the structure with \( \begin{matrix}& & O \\ & & || \\ C - C - C - C\end{matrix} \)) represents a ketone.
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section 5: phase change graph use the graph below to answer the followi…
1. During a phase change, the temperature remains constant. 2. The substance melts at \(0^{\circ}C\) and boils at \(100^{\circ}C\). 3. This graph shows the phase - change of water…
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what is the name of this compound? 3. ch₃ - c - ch₂ - ch₂ - ch₃ 2 - but…
2 - pentanone
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aluminiums electron configuration is (1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{1}). …
\(3\)
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a is a group of covalently bonded atoms that, together, have a (the pre…
1. polyatomic ion 2. charge 3. many 4. followed 5. negative
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write the charge of each ion in the compound below. ammonium sulfite am…
Ammonium \(=+1\), sulfite \(=-2\), formula \((NH_4)_2SO_3\)
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question 11 of 20 ______ are made when manufacturers add hydrogen to ve…
C. Trans fats
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fill in the number of valence electron(s) of the elements that are list…
Li: 1; I: 7; B: 3; P: 5; Mg: 2
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which of the following statements about valence electrons ar the period…
B. Elements with the most valence electrons are in group 18.
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beryllium has the electron configuration 1s²2s². what are the electrons…
A. inner - shell electrons
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valence electrons are usually defined in terms of highest ______ quantu…
d. Principal
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here are some elements and their electrons configurations: he: 1s² be: …
\(4\)
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does this atom satisfy the octet rule? why or why not?
No, this atom does not satisfy the octet rule. Sodium's valence shell has 1 electron (needs 8 for the octet rule).
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potassiums electron configuration is (1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}4s^…
\(1\)
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oxygen is located in group 16, therefore oxygen has _ valence electrons…
6
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complete the sentence. atoms form chemical bonds to satisfy the rule an…
Atoms form chemical bonds to satisfy the octet rule and to become stable.
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how many valence electron(s) do elements in group 1 have a 2 b 3 c 13 d…
d. 1
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how many valence electron(s) do element (electron configuration: 1s²2s²…
D. 2
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porcelain originated in china around 2,000 years ago, but its productio…
C. It identifies when and where porcelain eventually began to be produced in Europe.
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porcelain originated in china around 2,000 years ago, but its productio…
B. It emphasizes the longstanding European desire to create porcelain themselves.
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text structure and purpose: porcelain originated in china around 2,000 …
B. It emphasizes the longstanding European desire to create porcelain themselves.
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what are ways you can reduce your exposure to airborne organic dusts an…
All the options (Add 1 to 2 pints of water to the cut side of a hay bale immediately before chopping, Substitute less contaminated hay for bedding chopping, Use respirators, Your …
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32 name the compound p₄s₃. 33 write the formula for carbon tetrachlorid…
32. Tetraphosphorus trisulfide 33. \(CCl_4\)
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ccc patterns there are many compounds composed of nitrogen and oxygen. …
Nitrogen monoxide is \(NO\) (1 nitrogen and 1 oxygen atom), nitrogen dioxide is \(NO_2\) (1 nitrogen and 2 oxygen atoms). The key difference is the number of oxygen atoms (1 vs. 2…
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names of molecular compounds nonmetals can combine in different ratios …
The compound \(ClO_{2}\) is named chlorine dioxide (1 chlorine atom - no prefix for first element, 2 oxygen atoms - "di -" prefix) and \(Cl_{2}O_{3}\) is named dichlorine trioxide…
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28 what is the chemical formula for copper(ii) nitrate? 29 what is the …
28. \(Cu(NO_3)_2\) 29. Ammonium sulfide
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how many of the following elements, labeled i-v, in the state shown, ha…
C. 5
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27 sep construct an explanation explain whether the formula cuo can be …
The formula \(CuO\) cannot be used to represent both copper(I) oxide and copper(II) oxide. It specifically represents copper(II) oxide.
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how many atoms of hydrogen are found in the reaction side?* 2 parts 2 h…
4
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ii: write the correct answer in the blank. 26. what unit is equivalent …
26. mole 27. chemical formula 28. molecular mass 29. \(N_2H_4\)
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short answer ii: write the correct answer in the blank. 26. what unit i…
\(N_2H_4\)
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justin is making a snack. he toasts a piece of bread and spreads peanut…
one
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what does it mean when an element has been sequestered? it completely d…
C. It is isolated in a stable form.
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which statement describes all chemical changes, but not all physical ch…
A new substance forms.
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which statement best describes a physical change? changes can occur to …
Changes can occur to physical properties of a substance, but the chemical composition of the substance remains the same.
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jenna took an open bowl of leftover mashed potatoes from the refrigerat…
a change of odor
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what is the outcome of all chemical changes when two substances are com…
A new substance forms with different properties.
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26 sep use models other than the names of the ions, how does the name o…
The name of CdS includes a Roman numeral (indicating the oxidation state of Cd, e.g., cadmium(II) sulfide if using the Stock system), while the name of CaS does not (it is simply …
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law of conservation of mass vacation or conservation (of mass): crash c…
the mass stayed the same
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which use of iron is due to its chemical properties? producing colored …
producing colored sparks in fireworks
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investigations were carried out in a science lab to explore the topic o…
Investigation B, Step 2 only
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which characteristic of a substance is considered a chemical property? …
its reactivity
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in a science lab, cash mixes two clear liquids together in a beaker. bu…
A chemical change occurred, so even if Cash heats it, the white solid will remain.
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law of conservation of mass vacation or conservation (of mass): crash c…
The reactants
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law of conservation of mass vocation or conservation (of mass): crash c…
The product
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reactants or products, which one is the substances that are made? react…
products
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multiple-choice question can a chemical change be undone or reversed? n…
No
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multiple - choice question what is a chemical change? a change in the s…
a change that makes a new substance
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multiple-choice question what is a physical change? check all that appl…
a change that does not make a new substance, a change in the shape or form of matter
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multiple - choice question what is a physical change? check all that ap…
a change that does not make a new substance, a change in the shape or form of matter
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which event in paragraph 3 shaped maries legacy? presenting findings to…
graduating as the first African American woman to earn a PhD in chemistry
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which sentence from the text explains why marie chose to study chemistr…
She wanted to fulfill his dream, which had become her own.
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this question has two parts. first, answer part a. then, answer part b.…
Part A: She completed her master’s program ahead of schedule. Part B: Marie studied so hard that she graduated from the chemistry program in one year, which is an incredible feat.
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what is typically the underlying cause of adult sleep apnea? multiple c…
D. Obstruction of upper airways
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atom builder: element square refresh the page and select the \symbol\ o…
1. Boron: Protons = 5, Electrons = 5 (neutral atom). 2. Boron (common isotope): Mass number = 11, Neutrons = 6. 3. Boron: Atomic number (5) defines element (from periodic table), …
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go down to \show\ and select the option \stable/unstable\ and select th…
- **Atomic Number vs Mass Number**: The atomic number is the count of protons in an atom and defines the element. The mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons. For example, …
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which of the following can easily form an ionic bond with a cation? br …
$\ce{PO^{3 - }_{4}}$
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which property best indicates that a compound contains an ionic bond? i…
It conducts electricity when molten.
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model b which statement best explains how the models differ? model a sh…
Model A shows the formation of ions, and model B does not show the formation of ions.
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which statement indicates that a substance may be an ionic compound? it…
It is made up of a crystal lattice.
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write the charge of each ion in the compound below. nano₂ na = no₂ = wr…
\(Na = + 1\), \(NO_{2}=-1\), the name of \(NaNO_{2}\) is sodium nitrite.
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what leads to the formation of an ionic bond with hg²+? the attraction …
the attraction of an \(SO_{4}^{2-}\) ion
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which of these best describes an ionic bond? a force that keeps two lar…
a force that holds two oppositely charged ions together
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the diagram below shows the atoms involved in forming table salt. which…
Chlorine becomes an anion by gaining an electron from sodium.
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ammonium sulfate nitrite phosphate chlorate chromate dichromate hypochl…
ammonium: \(NH_{4}^{+}\) sulfate: \(SO_{4}^{2 -}\) nitrite: \(NO_{2}^{-}\) phosphate: \(PO_{4}^{3 -}\) chlorate: \(ClO_{3}^{-}\) chromate: \(CrO_{4}^{2 -}\) dichromate: \(Cr_{2}O_…
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write the charge of each ion in the compound below. kclo3 k = clo3 = wr…
$K = +1$; $ClO_3=-1$; Name: potassium chlorate
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write the charge of each ion in the compound below. lioh li = oh = writ…
$Li = +1$; $OH=-1$; The name of $LiOH$ is lithium hydroxide.
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write the charge of each ion in the compound below. potassium carbonate…
Potassium = $+1$; carbonate = $-2$; formula = $\text{K}_2\text{CO}_3$
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write the charge of each ion in the compound below. barium hydroxide ba…
Barium \(=+2\), hydroxide \(=-1\), formula \(=Ba(OH)_2\)