Question

which of the following is the correct way to describe the ratio of volumes of the substances in the chemical equation? 2nh₃(g)→n₂(g)+3h₂(g) 2 molecules nh₃:1 mole n₂:3 formula units h₂ 3l nh₃:2l n₂:2l h₂ 2l nh₃:1l n₂:3l h₂ 3 moles nh₃:1 mole n₂:3 moles h₂

Explanation:

Step1: Apply Avogadro's Law

Avogadro's Law states that \( V = kn \) (where \( V \) is volume, \( n \) is the amount of substance in moles, and \( k \) is a constant). For gases at the same temperature and pressure, the ratio of volumes is equal to the ratio of their mole ratios (stoichiometric coefficients) in the balanced chemical equation.

Step2: Analyze the given chemical equation

The balanced chemical equation is \( 2NH_{3}(g)\to N_{2}(g)+3H_{2}(g) \). The stoichiometric coefficients of \( NH_{3} \), \( N_{2} \), and \( H_{2} \) are \( 2 \), \( 1 \), and \( 3 \) respectively. According to Avogadro's Law, if we assume the amount of substances in moles (\( n \)) is proportional to volume (\( V \)) (since \( V = kn \)), the volume ratio \( V_{NH_{3}}:V_{N_{2}}:V_{H_{2}}=2:1:3 \). If we consider the unit of volume as liters (\( L \)), it can be written as \( 2LNH_{3}:1LN_{2}:3LH_{2} \).

Answer:

\( 2LNH_{3}:1LN_{2}:3LH_{2} \) (the third option)