Question

1. what did jj thompson discover about electrons?

a. they are positively charged particles. (b) they are a tiny piece of every atom
c. they can only be generated from one type of metal. d. they are larger than atoms

1. how did rutherfords team determine the structure of the atom?

a. by using x - rays
(b) by observing alpha particles bouncing off gold foil
c. by modifying electrical tubes.
d. by studying chemical reactions.

1. what did mosley focus on after his radioactivity equipment broke?

a. studying the effects of electricity on metals. b. investigating x - ray patterns.
c. exploring radioactive decay. d. examining the structure of atoms.

1. what was the significance of rutherfords findings on atomic structure?

a. it proved that atoms are solid and unchanging.
(b) it revealed that atoms are mostly empty space with a dense center.
c. it showed that electrons have no mass.
d. it concluded that atoms are made of only one particle.

1. what motivated mosley and darwin to pursue their x - ray project?

a. they were required by rutherford.
b. they were inspired by the competitive atmosphere in their field.
c. they wanted to study electrical discharge.
d. they were interested in gardening.

Explanation:

1. JJ Thompson discovered electrons are a tiny part of every atom. Electrons are negatively - charged (so a is wrong), can be generated from multiple metals (c is wrong), and are smaller than atoms (d is wrong).
2. Rutherford's team used the gold - foil experiment (observing alpha particles bouncing off gold foil) to determine the atom's structure. X - rays were not used in this specific determination (a is wrong), modifying electrical tubes was not the method (c is wrong), and chemical reactions were not the focus (d is wrong).
3. After his radioactivity equipment broke, Mosley focused on investigating X - ray patterns. Studying electricity on metals (a) and exploring radioactive decay (c) were not the post - equipment - break focus. Examining atom structure was more Rutherford's work (d).
4. Rutherford's findings showed atoms are mostly empty space with a dense center (nucleus). Atoms are not solid and unchanging (a is wrong), electrons have mass (c is wrong), and atoms are made of multiple particles (d is wrong).
5. Mosley and Darwin were inspired by the competitive atmosphere in their field. There's no indication Rutherford required it (a is wrong), studying electrical discharge was not the motivation (c is wrong), and gardening (d) is irrelevant.

Answer:

1. b. They are a tiny piece of every atom
2. b. By observing alpha particles bouncing off gold foil
3. b. Investigating X - ray patterns
4. b. It revealed that atoms are mostly empty space with a dense center
5. b. They were inspired by the competitive atmosphere in their field