Question

using your periodic table and your notes from today, decide if the following elements are part of a group that will donate 1 electron, donate 2 electrons, gain 1 electron, or gain 2 electrons.
mg
s
k
br
li
cl
f
na
o
be
i
ca

Explanation:

Step1: Determine electron - donation/ - gain based on group

Elements in Group 1 (e.g., Li, Na, K) have 1 valence electron and donate 1 electron.
Elements in Group 2 (e.g., Mg, Be, Ca) have 2 valence electrons and donate 2 electrons.
Elements in Group 16 (e.g., O, S) need 2 electrons to complete their octet and gain 2 electrons.
Elements in Group 17 (e.g., F, Cl, Br, I) need 1 electron to complete their octet and gain 1 electron.

Step2: Classify each element

• Li: Group 1, donates 1 electron.
• Br: Group 17, gains 1 electron.
• K: Group 1, donates 1 electron.
• S: Group 16, gains 2 electrons.
• Mg: Group 2, donates 2 electrons.
• Cl: Group 17, gains 1 electron.
• Ca: Group 2, donates 2 electrons.
• I: Group 17, gains 1 electron.
• Be: Group 2, donates 2 electrons.
• O: Group 16, gains 2 electrons.
• Na: Group 1, donates 1 electron.
• F: Group 17, gains 1 electron.

Answer:

• Li: donate 1 electron
• Br: gain 1 electron
• K: donate 1 electron
• S: gain 2 electrons
• Mg: donate 2 electrons
• Cl: gain 1 electron
• Ca: donate 2 electrons
• I: gain 1 electron
• Be: donate 2 electrons
• O: gain 2 electrons
• Na: donate 1 electron
• F: gain 1 electron