Question

a student would like to compare different materials ability to minimize heat transfer from a hot liquid. the student is going to use the same amount of hot chocolate heated to 160°f and will place it into three different cups made of different materials. which remaining procedures would give the student the best results during this experiment?
procedure:

1. place three ice cubes into each cup
2. measure the temperature of the hot chocolate in each cup every 3 minutes
3. record data
4. after 16 minutes add a new cup with hot chocolate
5. continue measuring until hot chocolate is room temperature

Explanation:

The problem involves an experiment on heat transfer and material properties, which falls under Physics (a subfield of Natural Science). To determine the best procedure, we analyze each step: Step 4 (adding a new cup with hot chocolate after 16 minutes) would introduce a new variable (fresh hot chocolate) instead of maintaining the original system, which is not ideal for a controlled experiment. The other steps (placing ice, measuring temperature, recording data, continuing until room temp) are part of a standard experimental procedure to measure heat transfer over time for different materials. So the problematic procedure is step 4.

Answer:

1. After 16 minutes add a new cup with hot chocolate