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in the space below, write the abbreviated electron configurations of th…

Question

in the space below, write the abbreviated electron configurations of the following elements:

  1. cobalt
  2. silver
  3. tellurium
  4. radium
  5. lawrencium

Explanation:

Step1: Determine the atomic number

  • Cobalt (\(Co\)) has an atomic number of \(27\). The noble gas before it is argon (\(Ar\), atomic number \(18\)).
  • Silver (\(Ag\)) has an atomic number of \(47\). The noble gas before it is krypton (\(Kr\), atomic number \(36\)).
  • Tellurium (\(Te\)) has an atomic number of \(52\). The noble gas before it is krypton (\(Kr\), atomic number \(36\)).
  • Radium (\(Ra\)) has an atomic number of \(88\). The noble gas before it is radon (\(Rn\), atomic number \(86\)).
  • Lawrencium (\(Lr\)) has an atomic number of \(103\). The noble gas before it is radon (\(Rn\), atomic number \(86\)).

Step2: Write the abbreviated electron configuration

  • For cobalt: After \(Ar\) (\([Ar]=1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}\)), we have \(27 - 18=9\) electrons left. The configuration is \([Ar]3d^{7}4s^{2}\).
  • For silver: After \(Kr\) (\([Kr]=1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}3d^{10}4s^{2}4p^{6}\)), we have \(47 - 36 = 11\) electrons. Due to the stability of the \(d^{10}\) configuration, it is \([Kr]4d^{10}5s^{1}\).
  • For tellurium: After \(Kr\), we have \(52-36 = 16\) electrons. The configuration is \([Kr]4d^{10}5s^{2}5p^{4}\).
  • For radium: After \(Rn\) (\([Rn]=1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}3d^{10}4s^{2}4p^{6}4d^{10}5s^{2}5p^{6}4f^{14}5d^{10}6s^{2}6p^{6}\)), we have \(88 - 86=2\) electrons. The configuration is \([Rn]7s^{2}\).
  • For lawrencium: After \(Rn\), we have \(103 - 86=17\) electrons. The configuration is \([Rn]5f^{14}6d^{1}7s^{2}\).

Answer:

  1. \([Ar]3d^{7}4s^{2}\)
  2. \([Kr]4d^{10}5s^{1}\)
  3. \([Kr]4d^{10}5s^{2}5p^{4}\)
  4. \([Rn]7s^{2}\)
  5. \([Rn]5f^{14}6d^{1}7s^{2}\)