Question

review i
using each label only once, classify what category of compounds the following substances belong to.
pcl₅
nano₃
hclo₃
hbr
ba₃n₂

Explanation:

• \(PCl_{5}\): Phosphorus (\(P\)) and chlorine (\(Cl\)) are non - metals. Non - metals form covalent bonds by sharing electrons. So, \(PCl_{5}\) is a covalent compound.
• \(NaNO_{3}\): Sodium (\(Na\)) is a metal (forms \(Na^{+}\) ion). The nitrate ion (\(NO_{3}^{-}\)) is a polyatomic ion. Ionic compounds are formed between metals and non - metals (or polyatomic ions). So, \(NaNO_{3}\) is an ionic compound with a polyatomic ion.
• \(HClO_{3}\): It is an acid that contains oxygen. Acids with oxygen in their formula are called oxyacids. The general formula for oxyacids is \(H_{x}XO_{y}\), and for \(HClO_{3}\), \(x = 1\), \(X=Cl\), \(y = 3\).
• \(HBr\): Binary acids have the general formula \(HX\) (where \(X\) is a non - oxygen - containing non - metal). Here \(HBr\) has the form \(HX\) (\(X = Br\)), so it is a binary acid.
• \(Ba_{3}N_{2}\): Barium (\(Ba\)) is a metal (forms \(Ba^{2+}\) ions) and nitrogen (\(N\)) is a non - metal (forms \(N^{3 -}\) ions). Ionic compounds are formed by the transfer of electrons from metals to non - metals. So, \(Ba_{3}N_{2}\) is an ionic compound.

Answer:

• \(PCl_{5}\): Covalent compound
• \(NaNO_{3}\): Ionic with a polyatomic ion
• \(HClO_{3}\): Oxyacid
• \(HBr\): Binary acid
• \(Ba_{3}N_{2}\): Ionic compound