Question

question 32 (1 point)
the metals in groups 1a, 2a, and 3a
o a lose electrons when they form ions.
o b all form ions with a negative charge.
o c gain electrons when they form ions.
o d all have ions with a 1* charge.

question 33 (1 point)
which of the following statements is true about ions?
o a cations are common among nonmetals.
o b charges for ions are always written as numbers followed by a plus or minus sign.
o c when an anion forms, more electrons are transferred to it.
o d anions are positively charged ions.

question 34 (1 point)
in which of the following sets are the charges given correctly for all the ions?
o a na, mg, al*
o b n,02-,f3-
o c k*, sr2+,02-
o d rb, ba2-, p3+

Explanation:

Question 32

Metals generally lose electrons to form cations. Group 1A metals lose 1 electron (e.g., \(Na^+\)), Group 2A lose 2 electrons (e.g., \(Mg^{2+}\)), and Group 3A lose 3 electrons (e.g., \(Al^{3+}\)). Non - metals gain electrons to form anions.

• Cations are common among metals (not non - metals), so option a is wrong.
• Charges for ions are written as a plus or minus sign followed by the number (e.g., \(Na^+\) not \(Na1^+\)), so option b is wrong.
• Anions are negatively charged (formed by gaining electrons), so option d is wrong. When an anion forms, more electrons are transferred to it (e.g., \(O + 2e^-\to O^{2 -}\)).

• For option a: \(Mg\) forms \(Mg^{2+}\) (not \(Mg^+\)) and \(Al\) forms \(Al^{3+}\) (not \(Al^+\)).
• For option b: \(N\) forms \(N^{3 -}\) (not \(N^-\)) and \(F\) forms \(F^-\) (not \(F^{3 -}\)).
• For option d: \(Rb\) forms \(Rb^+\) (not \(Rb^-\)) and \(Ba\) forms \(Ba^{2+}\) (not \(Ba^{2 -}\)).
• Option c: \(K\) (Group 1A) forms \(K^+\), \(Sr\) (Group 2A) forms \(Sr^{2+}\), and \(O\) (Group 6A) forms \(O^{2 -}\).

Answer:

A. lose electrons when they form ions

Question 33