Question

question 30 (1 point)
what is the charge of a cation?
o a a positive charge
o b a negative charge
o c the charge depends on the size of the nucleus.
o d no charge

question 31 (1 point)
which of the following statements is true about ions?
o a cations form when an atom loses electrons.
o b cations form when an atom gains electrons.
o c anions form when an atom loses protons.
o d anions form when an atom gains protons.

question 32 (1 point)
the metals in groups 1a, 2a, and 3a
o a gain electrons when they form ions.
o b all have ions with a 1* charge.
o c all form ions with a negative charge.
o d lose electrons when they form ions.

Explanation:

Question 30

A cation is an ion with a positive charge. It forms when an atom loses electrons. Since electrons are negatively - charged, losing them results in a net positive charge.

• Cations form when an atom loses electrons (because electrons are negative, losing them gives a positive charge).
• Anions form when an atom gains electrons (gaining negative - charged electrons gives a negative charge). Protons are in the nucleus and are not lost or gained in ion - formation (except in nuclear reactions which are not relevant here).

• Metals in Groups 1A, 2A, and 3A are electropositive. They tend to lose electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration (like the nearest noble gas).
• Group 1A metals form \(+ 1\) ions, Group 2A form \(+2\) ions, and Group 3A form \(+3\) ions. They form positive ions (cations) by losing electrons.

Answer:

a. a positive charge

Question 31