Question

question 14 (1 point)
according to the aufbau principle,
o a an orbital may be occupied by only two electrons.
o b electrons enter orbitals of lowest energy first.
o c electrons in the same orbital must have opposite spins.
o d electrons enter orbitals of highest energy first.

question 15 (1 point)
what is the number of electrons in the outermost energy level of an oxygen atom?
o a 4
o b 8
o c 2
o d 6

question 16 (1 point)
which color of visible light has the shortest wavelength?
o a violet
o b yellow
o c blue
o d green

Explanation:

• Question 14: The Aufbau principle states that electrons enter orbitals of lowest energy first. Option a is related to the Pauli exclusion principle (an orbital can hold at most 2 electrons). Option c is also part of the Pauli exclusion principle (electrons in the same orbital have opposite spins). Option d is incorrect as per the Aufbau principle.
• Question 15: The electron configuration of oxygen (\(O\), atomic number \(Z = 8\)) is \(1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{4}\). The outermost energy level is the second energy level (\(n=2\)), and the number of electrons in it (\(2s^{2}2p^{4}\)) is \(2 + 4=6\).
• Question 16: In the visible light spectrum (ROYGBIV - red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet), violet light has the highest frequency (\(v\)) and the shortest wavelength (\(\lambda\)) since \(c = v\lambda\) (\(c\) is the speed of light, a constant).

Answer:

• Question 14: B. electrons enter orbitals of lowest energy first.
• Question 15: D. 6
• Question 16: A. violet