Question

question 10 1 pts
pyrogen molecules trigger the fever response by promoting the production of
leukotrienes.
prostaglandins.
antibodies.
cytokines.

question 11 1 pts
the functions of the lymphatic system include:
transporting interstitial fluid back to the bloodstream.
providing immunological defenses.
transporting absorbed fats from the intestine to the blood.
houses and develops lymphocytes.
a & c
b & d
a, b, c, & d

Explanation:

• Question 10: Pyrogens act on the hypothalamus. They stimulate the production of prostaglandins (specifically prostaglandin E₂). Prostaglandins then reset the hypothalamic thermostat, leading to a fever response. Leukotrienes are involved in inflammation and allergic reactions. Antibodies are part of the adaptive immune response (humoral immunity) and are not directly triggered by pyrogens for fever. Cytokines (like interleukins) can be released in response to pyrogens, but it is the prostaglandins (produced in response to cytokines in some cases) that directly act on the hypothalamus for fever.
• Question 11:
• Transporting interstitial fluid back to the bloodstream: The lymphatic vessels collect excess interstitial fluid (lymph) and return it to the venous system.
• Providing immunological defenses: Lymph nodes, spleen, etc., which are part of the lymphatic system, house immune cells (like lymphocytes) and are sites for immune responses.
• Transporting absorbed fats from the intestine to the blood: Lacteals (lymphatic vessels in the small intestine) absorb chylomicrons (fat - soluble substances) and transport them to the bloodstream.
• Houses and develops lymphocytes: The thymus (a lymphoid organ) is where T - lymphocytes mature, and other lymphoid organs house lymphocytes.

Answer:

• Question 10: prostaglandins.
• Question 11: A. B, C, & D.