Question

part a
what are the main ideas in the nuclear theory of the atom?
check all that apply.
the charge of the electron is equal to ( 1.6\times10^{-19}c ).
the positive charge of an atom is located in the center of the atom called the nucleus, which also contains nearly all of the mass of the atom.
an atom is electrically neutral, so the number of negative particles (electrons) is equal to the number of positive particles (protons).
an atom is almost entirely empty space, which is occupied by extremely small, negatively charged particles called electrons.

Explanation:

• The positive charge of an atom is located in the center of the atom called the nucleus, which also contains nearly all of the mass of the atom: This is a key idea of the nuclear theory. Rutherford's gold - foil experiment led to the discovery of the nucleus as the positively charged, dense core of the atom.
• An atom is electrically neutral, so the number of negative particles (electrons) is equal to the number of positive particles (protons): In the nuclear model, for an atom to be neutral, the number of electrons (negative charge) must balance the number of protons (positive charge) in the nucleus.
• An atom is almost entirely empty space, which is occupied by extremely small, negatively charged particles called electrons: The nuclear theory describes most of the atom's volume as empty space with electrons moving around the nucleus.

The charge of the electron being \(1.6\times10^{-19}\text{C}\) is related to the quantization of charge (Millikan's oil - drop experiment) and not a main idea of the nuclear theory of the atom.

Answer:

• The positive charge of an atom is located in the center of the atom called the nucleus, which also contains nearly all of the mass of the atom.
• An atom is electrically neutral, so the number of negative particles (electrons) is equal to the number of positive particles (protons).
• An atom is almost entirely empty space, which is occupied by extremely small, negatively charged particles called electrons.