Question

matter—
reviewing vocabulary
match the definition in column a with the term in column b.
column a
_____ 1. a homogeneous mixture
_____ 2. states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction
_____ 3. the grid organizing elements into periods and groups
_____ 4. the ratio of the mass of each element to the total mass of the compound
_____ 5. three physical forms that describe all matter that exists on earth
_____ 6. a separation technique that results in the formation of pure solid particles from a solution
_____ 7. a technique that separates the components of a mixture
_____8. a form of matter with a constant volume that takes the shape of its container
_____9. a form of matter with a definite shape and volume
column b
a. percent by mass
b. periodic table
c. law of conservation of mass
d. solution
e. crystallization
f. chromatography
g. states of matter
h. solid
i. liquid
compare and contrast each pair of related terms. in other words, explain what is the same and different about the terms.

1. chemical property, physical property

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

1. substance, mixture

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
identify each change as either physical or chemical.
____________________ 1. breaking a pencil in half
____________________ 2. gasoline burning
____________________ 3. silver tarnishing
____________________ 4. ice melting
____________________ 5. hard - boiling an egg
____________________ 6. grinding coffee beans
chemistry: matter and change
chapter assessment1
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Explanation:

Matching Vocabulary (Column A - Column B)

1. A homogeneous mixture → d. solution (A solution is a homogeneous mixture where solute is dissolved in solvent.)
2. States that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction → c. law of conservation of mass (This is the definition of the law of conservation of mass.)
3. The grid organizing elements into periods and groups → b. periodic table (The periodic table arranges elements by periods (rows) and groups (columns).)
4. The ratio of the mass of each element to the total mass of the compound → a. percent by mass (Percent by mass calculates the mass fraction of an element in a compound as a percentage.)
5. Three physical forms that describe all matter that exists on Earth → g. states of matter (The three states of matter are solid, liquid, gas, which describe matter’s physical form.)
6. A separation technique that results in the formation of pure solid particles from a solution → e. crystallization (Crystallization involves forming solid crystals from a solution, separating the solute.)
7. A technique that separates the components of a mixture → f. chromatography (Chromatography is used to separate components of a mixture based on their different affinities.)
8. A form of matter with a constant volume that takes the shape of its container → i. liquid (Liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container.)
9. A form of matter with a definite shape and volume → h. solid (Solids have a definite shape and volume.)

Compare and Contrast

10. chemical property, physical property

• Same: Both are properties that describe matter.
• Different: Physical properties (e.g., color, density, melting point) can be observed or measured without changing the substance’s chemical identity. Chemical properties (e.g., flammability, reactivity) describe how a substance interacts with other substances to form new substances (involve chemical reactions).

11. substance, mixture

• Same: Both are forms of matter.
• Different: A substance (element or compound) has a uniform, definite composition (e.g., pure water, oxygen gas). A mixture is a combination of two or more substances (elements or compounds) that are physically mixed, not chemically combined (e.g., salt water, air), and can have variable composition.

Identify Change (Physical or Chemical)

1. breaking a pencil in half → Physical (Only the shape/size changes, no new substance is formed.)
2. gasoline burning → Chemical (Burning gasoline produces new substances like CO₂, H₂O, etc.)
3. silver tarnishing → Chemical (Silver reacts with sulfur compounds in the air to form silver sulfide, a new substance.)
4. ice melting → Physical (Phase change from solid to liquid; H₂O remains H₂O.)
5. hard - boiling an egg → Chemical (The proteins in the egg undergo denaturation, a chemical change, forming new structures.)
6. grinding coffee beans → Physical (Only the size of the coffee beans changes, no new substance is formed.)

Answer:

s for Matching:

1. d. solution
2. c. law of conservation of mass
3. b. periodic table
4. a. percent by mass
5. g. states of matter
6. e. crystallization
7. f. chromatography
8. i. liquid
9. h. solid