Question

in a lewis dot structure, bonding electrons are represented by a pair of dots or a single line between the atoms. unshared electron pairs around the outside of the atoms are called nonbonding electrons or lone pairs. select the true statements. a single line between two atoms represents one shared electron. there are six lone pairs in a chlorine molecule. a chlorine molecule has 34 total electrons, 14 of which are valence electrons. a chlorine molecule has one bonding electron.

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze each option

• Option 1: In Lewis dot structure, a single line between two atoms represents two shared electrons (a pair), not one. So this option is false.
• Option 2: In \(Cl_2\) molecule (\(:\ddot{Cl}-\ddot{Cl}:\)), each \(Cl\) atom has 3 lone pairs. So total lone pairs \(=3 + 3=6\). This option is true.
• Option 3: Each \(Cl\) atom has 17 electrons. In \(Cl_2\), total electrons \(=17\times2 = 34\). Valence electrons: \(Cl\) has 7 valence electrons, so for \(Cl_2\), valence electrons \(=7\times2=14\). This option is true.
• Option 4: A chlorine molecule has a single bond (\(Cl - Cl\)), which means two bonding electrons (a pair), not one. So this option is false.

Answer:

B. There are six lone pairs in a chlorine molecule.
C. A chlorine molecule has 34 total electrons, 14 of which are valence electrons.