Question

how are the trends for atomic size and ionization energy related? *
they have the same trends
the same trends only within a group
they have opposite trends
they have opposite trends only within a period
how does removing a second electron compare to removing the first electron?
they require the same energy
the second electron needs less energy
the second electron needs more energy
you cant remove a second electron
what factor is not important to determine ionization energy? *
number of protons
distance of electrons to the nucleus
number of electrons between each other
number of neutrons

Explanation:

• For the first question:
• Atomic size and ionization energy have opposite trends. As atomic size increases (down a group), ionization energy generally decreases. This is because larger atoms have their out - ermost electrons further from the nucleus, so less energy is required to remove them.
• For the second question:
• Removing a second electron requires more energy. After removing the first electron, the ion becomes positively charged. This positive charge attracts the remaining electrons more strongly, making it harder (requiring more energy) to remove the second electron.
• For the third question:
• The number of neutrons is not important in determining ionization energy. Ionization energy is mainly related to the electrostatic interactions between protons (which provide the positive charge in the nucleus) and electrons (distance from the nucleus and electron - electron repulsions). Neutrons are neutral and do not directly affect these electrostatic interactions relevant to ionization energy.

Answer:

• First question: They have opposite trends
• Second question: The second electron needs more energy
• Third question: Number of neutrons