Question

how is electron movement related to the bonding in sodium chloride?
a the atomic orbitals overlap and share electrons causing an ionic bond to form.
b electrostatic sharing of electrons between atoms allows covalent bond formation.
c electrons exchange creating ions to form an ionic bond by electrostatic attraction.
d orbital overlap occurs between the atoms to exchange electrons to form the covalent bond

Explanation:

Sodium chloride (\(NaCl\)) is an ionic compound. In ionic bonding, electrons are transferred (exchanged) from one atom to another. Sodium (\(Na\)) donates an electron to become \(Na^{+}\) and chlorine (\(Cl\)) accepts an electron to become \(Cl^{-}\). The electrostatic attraction between these oppositely - charged ions (\(Na^{+}\) and \(Cl^{-}\)) forms the ionic bond.

Option A is incorrect because atomic orbital overlap and electron sharing are characteristics of covalent bonding, not ionic bonding. Option B is wrong as electrostatic sharing of electrons is not the mechanism for ionic bond formation in \(NaCl\) (it's a covalent - bond concept misapplied here). Option D is incorrect because orbital overlap for electron exchange is not the process in ionic bond formation (again, more related to covalent bonding concepts).

Answer:

C. Electrons exchange creating ions to form an ionic bond by electrostatic attraction.