Question

how can damage to living things occur from exposure to x - rays or gamma rays?
a. atoms and molecules in the body can be ionized.
b. the human body can give off thermal energy.
c. bad cases of sunburn can occur.
d. the human body can overheat.

Explanation:

X - rays and gamma rays are ionizing radiations. Ionizing radiation has enough energy to remove electrons from atoms and molecules (ionization). When atoms and molecules in the body (such as DNA molecules) are ionized, it can lead to damage. Option B (human body giving off thermal energy) is a normal physiological process and not related to damage from X - rays or gamma rays. Option C (sunburn) is usually caused by ultraviolet radiation, not X - rays or gamma rays. Option D (overheating) is not the main mechanism of damage from X - rays or gamma rays.

Answer:

A. Atoms and molecules in the body can be ionized.