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for each row in the table below, decide whether the pair of elements wi…

Question

for each row in the table below, decide whether the pair of elements will form a molecular compound, check the box and enter the chemical formula and name of the compound. (if the elements will form more than one molecular compound, use the compound with the fewest total number of atoms.)
you may assume all chemical bonds are single bonds, not double or triple bonds.

element #1element #2element pair will form a molecular compoundmolecular compound chemical formulamolecular compound name
oxygenhydrogen$square$$square$$square$
magnesiumbromine$square$$square$$square$

Explanation:

First Row (Element #1: Hydrogen, Oxygen, Magnesium; Element #2: Hydrogen, Hydrogen, Bromine? Wait, let's re-express the table properly:

Looking at the table:

Element #1HydrogenOxygenMagnesium
Element pair will form a molecular compound?
Chemical formula (if molecular)
Molecular compound name (if molecular)
Let's analyze each row:
Row 1: Element #1 = Hydrogen, Element #2 = Chlorine
  • Step 1: Determine bond type

Hydrogen (nonmetal) and Chlorine (nonmetal) form a covalent bond (molecular compound).

  • Step 2: Find the simplest formula

Hydrogen and Chlorine combine in a 1:1 ratio (both need 1 electron to fill valence shells). So formula is $HCl$.

  • Step 3: Name the compound

For binary molecular compounds, use prefixes (but since it’s 1:1, “mono-” is omitted for the first element, “mono-” is also omitted for the second but we use the -ide suffix). So name is hydrogen chloride (or hydrochloric acid if aqueous, but as a gas, it’s hydrogen chloride).

Row 2: Element #1 = Oxygen, Element #2 = Hydrogen
  • Step 1: Bond type

Oxygen (nonmetal) and Hydrogen (nonmetal) form a covalent bond (molecular compound).

  • Step 2: Simplest formula (fewest atoms)

The simplest molecular compound is $H_2O$ (water). Wait, but wait—wait, the problem says “fewest total number of atoms.” Wait, $H_2O$ has 3 atoms, but is there a simpler one? No, because O needs 2 electrons, H needs 1 each—so 2 H and 1 O. Alternatively, $H_2O_2$ (hydrogen peroxide) has 4 atoms, so $H_2O$ is simpler. Wait, but wait: the problem says “fewest total number of atoms.” Wait, maybe $HO$? No, that’s unstable. Wait, no—hydrogen and oxygen form $H_2O$ (stable, 3 atoms) or $H_2O_2$ (4 atoms). So $H_2O$ is simpler. Wait, but maybe the problem allows single bonds? Wait, O has 6 valence electrons, needs 2. H has 1, needs 1. So to satisfy O’s 2 bonds, we need 2 H atoms. So formula is $H_2O$.

  • Step 3: Name

Dihydrogen monoxide (or water).

Row 3: Element #1 = Magnesium, Element #2 = Bromine
  • Step 1: Bond type

Magnesium (metal) and Bromine (nonmetal) form an ionic bond (not molecular). So they do not form a molecular compound.

Filling the table:
Element #1Element #2Will form a molecular compound?Chemical formulaMolecular compound name
OxygenHydrogen$\boldsymbol{\checkmark}$$H_2O$Dihydrogen monoxide (or Water)
MagnesiumBromine$\boldsymbol{\times}$––
Final Answers (for each row):
  1. Hydrogen + Chlorine:
  • Molecular? Yes (check the box).
  • Formula: $HCl$
  • Name: Hydrogen chloride
  1. Oxygen + Hydrogen:
  • Molecular? Yes (check the box).
  • Formula: $H_2O$
  • Name: Dihydrogen monoxide (or Water)
  1. Magnesium + Bromine:
  • Molecular? No (leave box unchecked).
  • Formula: –
  • Name: –

(Note: The problem’s table has three rows: first row elements: H, O, Mg; second row: Cl, H, Br. So aligning:

  • First column (Element #1): H, O, Mg
  • Second column (Element #2): Cl, H, Br

So:

  • Row 1: H + Cl → molecular, $HCl$, hydrogen chloride
  • Row 2: O + H → molecular, $H_2O$, dihydrogen monoxide (or water)
  • Row 3: Mg…

Answer:

(for each row):

Element #1Element #2Molecular Compound?FormulaName
OxygenHydrogen$\checkmark$$H_2O$Dihydrogen monoxide (Water)
MagnesiumBromine$\times$––