Question

1. define the following terms

a. acid
a substance that donates hydrogen ions (h^+)
b. base
a substance that donates hydroxide ions (oh^-)
c. ph
a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, defined as ph = -log h^+
d. buffer

Explanation:

• Acid: According to the Brønsted - Lowry theory, an acid is a substance that donates hydrogen ions (\([H^{+}]\)).
• Base: A base is a substance that accepts hydrogen ions (\([H^{+}]\)).
• pH: pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, defined as \(pH =-\log[H^{+}]\).

Answer:

a. An acid is a substance that donates hydrogen ions (\([H^{+}]\)).
b. A base is a substance that accepts hydrogen ions (\([H^{+}]\)).
c. pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, defined as \(pH =-\log[H^{+}]\).