Question

covalent and ionic bond nomenclature practice

1. name the following chemical formulas of covalent bonds

a. co₂
b. si₃br₆
c. co
d. bf₄
e. nh₅

1. provide the chemical formulas for the following covalent compounds

a. phosphorus heptachloride
b. dinitrogen tetraoxide
c. sulfur pentaiodide
d. carbon tetrahydride

Explanation:

1. Naming Covalent Compounds

a. \(CO_2\)

• Step1: Identify elements

Carbon (\(C\)) and oxygen (\(O\)).

• Step2: Use prefixes

One carbon (no prefix for single - element at start), two oxygens (prefix "di - ").
So, it is carbon dioxide.

b. \(Si_3Br_6\)

• Step1: Identify elements

Silicon (\(Si\)) and bromine (\(Br\)).

• Step2: Use prefixes

Three silicons (prefix "tri - "), six bromines (prefix "hexa - ").
So, it is trisilicon hexabromide.

c. \(CO\)

• Step1: Identify elements

Carbon (\(C\)) and oxygen (\(O\)).

• Step2: Use prefixes

One carbon (no prefix), one oxygen (prefix "mono - ").
So, it is carbon monoxide.

d. \(BF_4\)

• Step1: Identify elements

Boron (\(B\)) and fluorine (\(F\)).

• Step2: Use prefixes

One boron (no prefix), four fluorines (prefix "tetra - ").
So, it is boron tetrafluoride.

e. \(NH_3\)

• Step1: Identify elements

Nitrogen (\(N\)) and hydrogen (\(H\)).

• Step2: Use common name

This is ammonia (a common name for \(NH_3\) in covalent compound nomenclature).

2. Writing Covalent Compound Formulas

a. Phosphorus heptachloride

• Step1: Identify elements and prefixes

Phosphorus (\(P\)), "hepta - " means 7, chlorine (\(Cl\)).
So, the formula is \(PCl_7\).

b. Dinitrogen tetraoxide

• Step1: Identify elements and prefixes

Nitrogen (\(N\)), "di - " means 2, oxygen (\(O\)), "tetra - " means 4.
So, the formula is \(N_2O_4\).

c. Sulfur pentaiodide

• Step1: Identify elements and prefixes

Sulfur (\(S\)), "penta - " means 5, iodine (\(I\)).
So, the formula is \(SI_5\).

d. Carbon tetrahydride

• Step1: Identify elements and prefixes

Carbon (\(C\)), "tetra - " means 4, hydrogen (\(H\)).
So, the formula is \(CH_4\).

Answer:

1.
a. Carbon dioxide
b. Trisilicon hexabromide
c. Carbon monoxide
d. Boron tetrafluoride
e. Ammonia
2.
a. \(PCl_7\)
b. \(N_2O_4\)
c. \(SI_5\)
d. \(CH_4\)