Question

chapter 2 properties of matter
multiple choice
write the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement on the line provided.

1. which of the following are pure substances?

a. solutions
b. compounds
c. homogeneous mixtures
d. colloids

1. a substance that is made up of only one kind of atom is a(an)

a. compound.
b. homogeneous mixture.
c. element.
d. solution.

1. what is the symbol for aluminum?

a. al
b. al
c. au
d. a

1. if a material contains three elements joined in a fixed proportion, it is a(an)

a. mixture.
b. solution.
c. atom.
d. compound.

1. which of the following is a mixture?

a. carbon dioxide
b. silicon
c. silicon dioxide
d. sand

1. a mixture that appears to contain only one substance is a(an)

a. homogeneous mixture.
b. heterogeneous mixture.
c. compound.
d. element.

1. a mixture can be classified as a solution, suspension, or colloid based on the

a. number of particles it contains.
b. size of its largest particles.
c. color of its particles.
d. size of its smallest particles.

1. which of the following is malleable?

a. glass
b. pottery
c. ice
d. gold

1. a substance has a melting point of \\(0^\circ\text{c}\\) and a boiling point of \\(100^\circ\text{c}\\). the substance is most likely

a. water.
b. hydrogen.
c. gold.
d. table salt.

Explanation:

Classify pure substances

Using the Pure Substances and Chemical Compounds knowledge points

• Pure substances have a constant composition and include elements and compounds.
• Solutions, homogeneous mixtures, and colloids are mixtures containing multiple substances.
• Therefore, compounds are pure substances.

Identify elements by composition

Using the Chemical Elements knowledge point

• An element is a pure substance consisting entirely of one type of atom.
• Compounds contain multiple types of atoms chemically bonded.
• Mixtures contain multiple substances physically combined.

Determine chemical symbols

• Chemical symbols use a standard one- or two-letter abbreviation.
• The first letter is always capitalized, and the second letter is always lowercase.
• Aluminum is represented by the symbol Al.

Define compound composition

Using the Chemical Compounds knowledge point

• A compound is a substance formed when two or more chemical elements are chemically bonded together in a fixed ratio.
• Mixtures do not have fixed proportions, and atoms are single units.

Identify mixtures

Using the Mixtures and Solutions knowledge point

• Carbon dioxide, silicon dioxide, and silicon are pure substances (compounds and an element).
• Sand is a heterogeneous mixture of various minerals, primarily quartz (silicon dioxide) and other rock fragments.

Classify homogeneous mixtures

Using the Mixtures and Solutions knowledge point

• A homogeneous mixture is so evenly blended that it appears to contain only one substance.
• Heterogeneous mixtures have visually distinguishable phases.

Classify mixtures by particle size

Using the Colloids and Suspensions knowledge point

• Mixtures are classified as solutions, suspensions, or colloids based on the size of their largest particles.
• Solutions have the smallest particles, colloids have intermediate particles, and suspensions have the largest particles.

Identify malleable materials

Using the Physical Properties knowledge point

• Malleability is the ability of a solid to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets without shattering.
• Metals like gold are highly malleable, whereas glass, pottery, and ice are brittle and shatter under stress.

Identify substance by phase change temperatures

Using the Physical Properties knowledge point

• Water has a characteristic melting point of \(0^\circ\text{C}\) and a boiling point of \(100^\circ\text{C}\) under standard atmospheric pressure.
• Hydrogen, gold, and table salt have vastly different melting and boiling points.

Answer:

Question 1

• a. solutions
• b. compounds (Correct answer)
• c. homogeneous mixtures
• d. colloids

Question 2

• a. compound.
• b. homogeneous mixture.
• c. element. (Correct answer)
• d. solution.

Question 3

• a. AL
• b. Al (Correct answer)
• c. Au
• d. A

Question 4

• a. mixture.
• b. solution.
• c. atom.
• d. compound. (Correct answer)

Question 5

• a. carbon dioxide
• b. silicon
• c. silicon dioxide
• d. sand (Correct answer)

Question 6

• a. homogeneous mixture. (Correct answer)
• b. heterogeneous mixture.
• c. compound.
• d. element.

Question 7

• a. number of particles it contains.
• b. size of its largest particles. (Correct answer)
• c. color of its particles.
• d. size of its smallest particles.

Question 8

• a. glass
• b. pottery
• c. ice
• d. gold (Correct answer)

Question 9

• a. water. (Correct answer)
• b. hydrogen.
• c. gold.
• d. table salt.