Question

challenge
4 based on what you just learned, put the following into the chart as either ionic or covalent compounds
kf rb₂s cl₂ ch₃cl mgcl₂ no nabr
scl₆ hcl nii₂ li₂o cf₄ ch₃cooh so₂
ionic compounds covalent compounds

a. in ionic bonding metals... their electrons to nonmetals so they all have 8.
b. in covalent bonding nonmetals... their electrons so they all have 8.

Explanation:

Ionic compounds are formed when a metal donates electrons to a non - metal. Covalent compounds are formed when non - metals share electrons.

• KF: Potassium (K) is a metal, Fluorine (F) is a non - metal. K donates an electron to F. So, it is ionic.
• Rb₂S: Rubidium (Rb) is a metal, Sulfur (S) is a non - metal. Rb donates electrons to S. So, it is ionic.
• Cl₂: Chlorine (Cl) is a non - metal. Two Cl atoms share electrons. So, it is covalent.
• CH₃Cl: Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Chlorine (Cl) are non - metals. They share electrons. So, it is covalent.
• MgCl₂: Magnesium (Mg) is a metal, Chlorine (Cl) is a non - metal. Mg donates electrons to Cl. So, it is ionic.
• NO: Nitrogen (N) and Oxygen (O) are non - metals. They share electrons. So, it is covalent.
• NaBr: Sodium (Na) is a metal, Bromine (Br) is a non - metal. Na donates an electron to Br. So, it is ionic.
• SCl₆: Sulfur (S) and Chlorine (Cl) are non - metals. They share electrons. So, it is covalent.
• HCl: Hydrogen (H) and Chlorine (Cl) are non - metals. They share electrons. So, it is covalent.
• NiI₂: Nickel (Ni) is a metal, Iodine (I) is a non - metal. Ni donates electrons to I. So, it is ionic.
• Li₂O: Lithium (Li) is a metal, Oxygen (O) is a non - metal. Li donates electrons to O. So, it is ionic.
• CF₄: Carbon (C) and Fluorine (F) are non - metals. They share electrons. So, it is covalent.
• CH₃COOH: Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Oxygen (O) are non - metals. They share electrons. So, it is covalent.
• SO₂: Sulfur (S) and Oxygen (O) are non - metals. They share electrons. So, it is covalent.

For part a, in ionic bonding, metals transfer (or donate) their electrons to non - metals. For part b, in covalent bonding, non - metals share their electrons.

Answer:

• Ionic Compounds: KF, Rb₂S, MgCl₂, NaBr, NiI₂, Li₂O
• Covalent Compounds: Cl₂, CH₃Cl, NO, SCl₆, HCl, CF₄, CH₃COOH, SO₂
• a. transfer (or donate)
• b. share