Question

campfire story: wood is burned in a campfire, which cooks food and warms people.

• identify the input energy.
• identify two different outputs of energy.
• draw a diagram to show how energy moved and changed.

apply it!
design your own energy chain with at least 5 transformations.

• you may use a real - world machine, nature, or an imaginary invention.
• draw arrows to show the chain.
• label each step with the type of energy.

Explanation:

For the Campfire Story:

• Input Energy: The wood has chemical potential energy (stored in its molecular bonds from photosynthesis and growth). When burned, this chemical energy is the input.
• Output Energies:
• Thermal (heat) energy: Released as the fire burns, warming people and cooking food.
• Light energy: Produced as the fire emits light.
• Diagram: Start with "Chemical Potential Energy (Wood)" → arrow to "Thermal Energy (Fire)" and "Light Energy (Fire)"; then from "Thermal Energy" → "Thermal Energy (Cooked Food)" and "Thermal Energy (Warmed People)".

For the "Apply It!" Task (Designing an Energy Chain, e.g., Solar - Powered Water Pump System):

1. Step 1: Solar Energy (Sunlight) → Absorbed by solar panels.
2. Step 2: Electrical Energy (Solar Panels) → Converts solar energy to electricity.
3. Step 3: Mechanical Energy (Water Pump) → Electricity powers the pump, converting to mechanical energy to move water.
4. Step 4: Gravitational Potential Energy (Water in Tank) → Pumped water gains height, storing gravitational potential energy.
5. Step 5: Kinetic Energy (Falling Water) → Water flows down from the tank, converting potential to kinetic energy.
6. Step 6: Thermal Energy (Water Heater) → Kinetic energy of flowing water is used to heat water (optional extra, but meets 5+ transformations: Solar → Electrical → Mechanical → Gravitational Potential → Kinetic → Thermal).

Draw arrows between each step, labeling the energy type at each stage.

Answer:

Campfire Story:

• Input Energy: Chemical Potential Energy (in wood).
• Output Energies: Thermal Energy (heat), Light Energy (light).
• Diagram: Chemical Potential (Wood) → Thermal (Fire), Light (Fire); Thermal → Thermal (Food), Thermal (People).

"Apply It!" Example (Solar - Water Pump Energy Chain):

1. Solar Energy (Sun) → 2. Electrical Energy (Solar Panels) → 3. Mechanical Energy (Pump) → 4. Gravitational Potential Energy (Water in Tank) → 5. Kinetic Energy (Falling Water) → 6. Thermal Energy (Heated Water).

(Arrows show energy flow; label each step with the energy type.)