Question

1. malleable means that metals can be hammered into _______________.
2. most metals allow heat and _____________ to flow through them.
3. valence electrons are electrons on the __________ energy level.
4. valence electrons can be gained or lost when elements _______ with each other.
5. non - metals are dull and they dont conduct _______ or electricity.
6. nitrogen makes up ______ of the earths atmosphere.
7. non - metals have ____ or valence electrons. they tend to ____ electrons.
8. elements with 8 electrons tend to be non - ____________.
9. ____________ is the only element in family 18 that does not have 8 valence electrons.
10. metalloids can be found on either side of the __________ line.
11. metalloids share properties of both metals and _________. they conduct heat and electricity better than __________.
12. halogens are in family 17. they have ______ valence electrons.

Explanation:

These questions are about the properties of metals, non - metals, metalloids, and elements' electron configurations, which fall under the subfield of Chemistry (a subfield of Natural Science). Here are the answers:

1. Malleable means that metals can be hammered into sheets (this is a basic property of malleable metals, like how gold can be hammered into thin sheets).
2. Most metals allow heat and electricity to flow through them (metals are good conductors of both heat and electricity).
3. Valence electrons are electrons on the outermost energy level (by definition, valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom).
4. Valence electrons can be gained or lost when elements react with each other (during chemical reactions, atoms interact and can transfer or share valence electrons).
5. Non - metals are dull and they don't conduct heat or electricity (unlike metals, non - metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity).
6. Nitrogen makes up about 78% of the earth’s atmosphere (this is a well - known fact about the composition of the Earth's atmosphere).
7. Non - metals have 5, 6, or 7 valence electrons. They tend to gain electrons (non - metals are close to having a full outer shell, so they gain electrons to achieve stability).
8. Elements with 8 electrons (in the outermost shell) tend to be non - reactive (these are the noble gases, which are very stable and do not react easily).
9. Helium is the only element in family 18 that does not have 8 valence electrons (Helium has 2 valence electrons, while other noble gases have 8).
10. Metalloids can be found on either side of the stair - step line (on the periodic table, the stair - step line separates metals from non - metals, and metalloids are adjacent to this line).
11. Metalloids share properties of both metals and non - metals. They conduct heat and electricity better than non - metals (metalloids have properties intermediate between metals and non - metals, and are better conductors than non - metals).
12. Halogens are in family 17. They have 7 valence electrons (elements in group 17 have 7 valence electrons, which makes them likely to gain one electron to achieve a stable octet).

Answer:

1. sheets
2. electricity
3. outermost
4. react
5. heat
6. about 78%
7. 5, 6, 7; gain
8. reactive
9. Helium
10. stair - step
11. non - metals; non - metals
12. 7