Question

1. drag the processes from the column on the left to the correct classification/type on the right. (2 points) use all choices

carbonic acid
limestone hydrolysis
freeze - thaw
heat expansion
weak acidification
dissolution
deposition
wind erosion
physical processes
chemical processes

1. choose a word from the drop - down menu for each blank to complete the sentences below.

pedogenesis describes how soil is generated on earth. a deposit of minerals and rocks is initially broken down by erosion and choice 1. after the initial stages, the soil will accumulate layers and eventually become rich enough in organic matter to support a choice 2.
choice 1: bacteria, small animals, plants
choice 2: indicator species, keystone species, pioneer species

1. what are some of the benefits of the interconnected relationship between surface water and groundwater? select all that apply

a. surface water receives beneficial nutrients from groundwater.
b. surface water reduces flooding by accepting excess groundwater.
c. surface water increases the supply of groundwater after precipitation and/or snowmelt.
d. surface water eliminates harmful chemicals from the groundwater supply.
e. surface water levels remain the same even when groundwater levels are low.

Explanation:

Question 19 (Drag and Drop)

Step 1: Identify Physical Processes

Physical processes involve mechanical changes without altering the chemical composition. Freeze - Thaw (water freezing and expanding, then thawing), Heat Expansion (materials expanding due to heat), Deposition (sediment settling, physical movement), Wind Erosion (wind moving particles) are physical. So drag Freeze - Thaw, Heat Expansion, Deposition, Wind Erosion to Physical Processes.

Step 2: Identify Chemical Processes

Chemical processes involve chemical reactions. Carbonic Acid (involved in chemical weathering), Limestone Hydrolysis (chemical reaction of limestone with water), Weak Acidification (change in pH, chemical), Dissolution (chemical dissolving) are chemical. So drag Carbonic Acid, Limestone Hydrolysis, Weak Acidification, Dissolution to Chemical Processes.

Step 1: Analyze Choice 1

In pedogenesis, initial breakdown of rocks/minerals is followed by biological activity. Bacteria are involved in decomposing organic matter and aiding in soil formation. Small animals and plants come later. So Choice 1 is bacteria.

Step 2: Analyze Choice 2

Pioneer species are the first to colonize a new environment (like newly formed soil). Indicator species indicate environmental conditions, keystone species have a large impact on the ecosystem. So Choice 2 is pioneer species.

Step 1: Evaluate Option A

Surface water can receive nutrients from groundwater as they are connected, so A is correct.

Step 2: Evaluate Option B

Surface water can take excess groundwater to reduce flooding, so B is correct.

Step 3: Evaluate Option C

After precipitation/snowmelt, surface water can recharge groundwater, increasing its supply, so C is correct.

Step 4: Evaluate Option D

Surface water doesn't eliminate harmful chemicals from groundwater; in fact, it can be contaminated. So D is incorrect.

Step 5: Evaluate Option E

Surface water levels are related to groundwater levels; they don't remain the same when groundwater is low. So E is incorrect.

Answer:

• Physical Processes: Freeze - Thaw, Heat Expansion, Deposition, Wind Erosion
• Chemical Processes: Carbonic Acid, Limestone Hydrolysis, Weak Acidification, Dissolution

Question 20 (Fill in the Blanks)