Question

1. balance each of the following chemical equations. a. nacl(s) + so2(g) + h2o(g) + o2(g) → na2so4(s) + hcl(g) b. br2(l) + i2(s) → ibr3(s) c. ca(s) + h2o(g) → ca(oh)2(aq) + h2(g) d. bf3(g) + h2o(l) → b2o3(s) + hf(g) e. so2(g) + cl2(g) → socl2(l) + cl2o(g) f. li2o(g) + h2o(l) → lioh(aq) g. mg(s) + cuo(s) → mgo(s) + cu(l) h. fe3o4(s) + h2(g) → fe(l) + h2o(g) 11. when solid red phosphorus (p4) is burned in air, the phosphorus combines with oxygen, producing a choking cloud of tetraphosphorus decoxide. write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction.

Explanation:

Step1: Balance equation a

Balance the elements on both sides. For the reaction \(2NaCl(s)+SO_2(g)+H_2O(g)+O_2(g)
ightarrow Na_2SO_4(s)+HCl(g)\), first balance \(Na\) atoms. Then \(Cl\), \(S\), \(O\) and \(H\) atoms one - by - one. The balanced equation is \(2NaCl(s)+SO_2(g)+H_2O(g)+\frac{1}{2}O_2(g)
ightarrow Na_2SO_4(s) + 2HCl(g)\) or \(4NaCl(s)+2SO_2(g)+2H_2O(g)+O_2(g)
ightarrow 2Na_2SO_4(s)+4HCl(g)\).

Step2: Balance equation b

For \(Br_2(l)+I_2(s)
ightarrow IBr_3(s)\), balance the \(I\) and \(Br\) atoms. The balanced equation is \(3Br_2(l)+I_2(s)
ightarrow 2IBr_3(s)\).

Step3: Balance equation c

For \(Ca(s)+H_2O(g)
ightarrow Ca(OH)_2(aq)+H_2(g)\), balance \(Ca\), \(O\) and \(H\) atoms. The balanced equation is \(Ca(s)+2H_2O(g)
ightarrow Ca(OH)_2(aq)+H_2(g)\).

Step4: Balance equation d

For \(BF_3(g)+H_2O(l)
ightarrow B_2O_3(s)+HF(g)\), balance \(B\), \(F\), \(O\) and \(H\) atoms. The balanced equation is \(2BF_3(g)+3H_2O(l)
ightarrow B_2O_3(s)+6HF(g)\).

Step5: Balance equation e

For \(SO_2(g)+Cl_2(g)
ightarrow SOCl_2(l)+Cl_2O(g)\), balance \(S\), \(O\) and \(Cl\) atoms. The balanced equation is \(SO_2(g)+2Cl_2(g)
ightarrow SOCl_2(l)+Cl_2O(g)\).

Step6: Balance equation f

For \(Li_2O(g)+H_2O(l)
ightarrow LiOH(aq)\), balance \(Li\), \(O\) and \(H\) atoms. The balanced equation is \(Li_2O(g)+H_2O(l)
ightarrow 2LiOH(aq)\).

Step7: Balance equation g

For \(Mg(s)+CuO(s)
ightarrow MgO(s)+Cu(l)\), the equation is already balanced as the number of \(Mg\), \(Cu\) and \(O\) atoms is the same on both sides: \(Mg(s)+CuO(s)
ightarrow MgO(s)+Cu(l)\).

Step8: Balance equation h

For \(Fe_3O_4(s)+H_2(g)
ightarrow Fe(l)+H_2O(g)\), balance \(Fe\), \(O\) and \(H\) atoms. The balanced equation is \(Fe_3O_4(s)+4H_2(g)
ightarrow 3Fe(l)+4H_2O(g)\).

Step9: Balance equation for problem 11

When \(P_4\) is burned in air, \(P_4(s)+5O_2(g)
ightarrow P_4O_{10}(s)\) (the product is actually \(P_4O_{10}\), which can also be written as \(P_2O_5\) in a simplified empirical - formula sense for some contexts. Here we use the molecular - formula form).

Answer:

a. \(4NaCl(s)+2SO_2(g)+2H_2O(g)+O_2(g)
ightarrow 2Na_2SO_4(s)+4HCl(g)\)
b. \(3Br_2(l)+I_2(s)
ightarrow 2IBr_3(s)\)
c. \(Ca(s)+2H_2O(g)
ightarrow Ca(OH)_2(aq)+H_2(g)\)
d. \(2BF_3(g)+3H_2O(l)
ightarrow B_2O_3(s)+6HF(g)\)
e. \(SO_2(g)+2Cl_2(g)
ightarrow SOCl_2(l)+Cl_2O(g)\)
f. \(Li_2O(g)+H_2O(l)
ightarrow 2LiOH(aq)\)
g. \(Mg(s)+CuO(s)
ightarrow MgO(s)+Cu(l)\)
h. \(Fe_3O_4(s)+4H_2(g)
ightarrow 3Fe(l)+4H_2O(g)\)

1. \(P_4(s)+5O_2(g)

ightarrow P_4O_{10}(s)\)