Question

at preschool, ms. thomas often feels as though she has spent the morning with twice the number of students than she actually has. it seems every student has invited his/her imaginary friend to spend the morning. which of the following statements regarding imaginary companions is true?
select one.
○ a. the use of magical thinking in children is limited to those situations where children lack the knowledge needed to draw obvious explanations.
○ b. the pretense involved in imaginary play is real, and not intentional for children at this stage
○ c. children with imaginary companions are less likely to engage in pretend play than those who do not have imaginary companions.
○ d. imaginary play may offer developmental benefits for children.

____ is the process by which information is prepared for long - term storage and later retrieval.
select one:
○ a. recall
○ b. encoding
○ c. recognition
○ d. extinction

Explanation:

For question 49:

• Option a: Magical thinking in children is not limited to knowledge - lacking situations. Children often engage in magical thinking in various contexts as part of their cognitive development.
• Option b: The pretense in imaginary play is intentional. Children actively create and engage in these pretend scenarios.
• Option c: Children with imaginary companions are more likely to engage in pretend play as they are already creating elaborate pretend worlds with their companions.
• Option d: Imaginary play can enhance creativity, language development, social - emotional skills (such as empathy if they are creating personalities for their companions), and cognitive flexibility. So this statement is true.

For question 50:

• Recall is the process of retrieving information from long - term memory.
• Encoding is the process of preparing information for long - term storage. For example, when we learn new information, we encode it (e.g., through rehearsal, elaboration) so that it can be stored and retrieved later.
• Recognition is identifying previously encountered information.
• Extinction is a term more related to learning theories (e.g., in operant or classical conditioning, the weakening of a response).

Answer:

1. d. Imaginary play may offer developmental benefits for children.
2. b. Encoding