Question

the influx of immigrants through ellis and angel islands transformed american labor markets. how did this immigration wave affect industrial workplaces? it shifted industries to rural areas. it limited job opportunities for native - born workers. it filled low - wage jobs, driving industrial expansion. it decreased the need for factory labor.

Explanation:

• Analyze Option 1: Industrial growth during immigration waves was in urban areas, not rural shift. Eliminate.
• Analyze Option 2: While competition existed, immigrants often took jobs natives avoided (low - wage, dangerous), not just limiting native jobs. Eliminate.
• Analyze Option 3: Immigrants provided a large labor pool for low - wage, unskilled industrial jobs. This labor supply allowed industries to expand production, build more factories, and grow. Correct.
• Analyze Option 4: Immigration increased labor supply, so factory labor need increased, not decreased. Eliminate.

Answer:

It filled low - wage jobs, driving industrial expansion.