Question

be it enacted by the senate and house of representatives of the united states of america in congress assembled, that all non citizen indians born within the territorial limits of the united states be, and they are hereby, declared to be citizens of the united states: provided that the granting of such citizenship shall not in any manner impair or otherwise affect the right of any indian to tribal or other property.\

approved, june 2, 1924.

what impact did the law above have upon the rights of native americans living in the united states?

(a) individuals had to choose citizenships between their tribe and the united states.
(b) native americans became citizens of the u.s. and subject to state and federal laws.
(c) individual native americans lost their right to own tribal property.
(d) native american tribes were recognized as independent nations within u.s. borders.

Explanation:

Identify the historical document

The text shown is the Indian Citizenship Act of 1924 (also known as the Snyder Act), approved on June 2, 1924.

Analyze the text of the law

The law states: "all non citizen Indians born within the territorial limits of the United States be, and they are hereby, declared to be citizens of the United States." It also specifies that this granting of citizenship shall not impair or affect the right of any Indian to tribal or other property.

Evaluate the options

• Option 1: "Individuals had to choose citizenships between their tribe and the United States." This is incorrect; the act granted U.S. citizenship without requiring them to give up tribal citizenship or property rights.
• Option 2: "Native Americans became citizens of the U.S. and subject to state and federal laws." This is correct; by declaring them citizens of the United States, they became subject to the jurisdiction of federal and state laws.
• Option 3: "Individual Native Americans lost their right to own tribal property." This is incorrect; the text explicitly states that the act does "not in any manner impair or otherwise affect the right of any Indian to tribal or other property."
• Option 4: "Native American tribes were recognized as independent nations within U.S. borders." This is incorrect; the act granted individual citizenship rather than establishing tribal sovereignty as independent nations.

Formulate the final conclusion

The correct option is the second one, as it directly reflects the granting of U.S. citizenship and the subsequent legal status of Native Americans under U.S. law.

Answer:

• Individuals had to choose citizenships between their tribe and the United States.
• Native Americans became citizens of the U.S. and subject to state and federal laws. (Correct answer)
• Individual Native Americans lost their right to own tribal property.
• Native American tribes were recognized as independent nations within U.S. borders.