Question

which of the following are properties of an ideal gas? select one or more: each particle has a negligible volume compared to its surroundings gas particles move randomly in all directions at the same average kinetic energy at constant temperature collisions between gas particles are elastic individual particles are not attracted to nor repel each other

Explanation:

• Each particle has a negligible volume compared to its surroundings: In the ideal gas model, the volume of gas particles themselves is considered negligible. The gas is assumed to occupy the entire volume of the container, and the particles are like point - like entities.
• Gas particles move randomly in all directions at the same average kinetic energy at constant temperature: According to the kinetic - molecular theory of ideal gases, at a given temperature, all gas particles have the same average kinetic energy (\(K.E=\frac{3}{2}kT\), where \(k\) is the Boltzmann constant and \(T\) is the absolute temperature). And they move in random, straight - line paths until they collide with each other or the walls of the container.
• Collisions between gas particles are elastic: In an ideal gas, when gas particles collide with each other or with the walls of the container, there is no loss of kinetic energy. The total kinetic energy of the system is conserved.
• Individual particles are not attracted to nor repel each other: Ideal gases assume that there are no intermolecular forces (such as van der Waals forces) between gas particles. The only interactions are elastic collisions.

Answer:

All of the options (each particle has a negligible volume compared to its surroundings, gas particles move randomly in all directions at the same average kinetic energy at constant temperature, collisions between gas particles are elastic, individual particles are not attracted to nor repel each other) are properties of an ideal gas.