Question

test your knowledge 2
categorize each statement as true or false.
decreasing pressure will increase the solubility of a gas in a liquid. true false
increasing pressure will increase the solubility of a solid in a liquid. true false
increasing temperature usually increases the solubility of a solid in a liquid. true false
the solubility of a gas in a liquid decreases with increasing temperature. true false
the solubility of a solid in a liquid increases with increasing pressure. true false

Explanation:

• For the statement "Decreasing pressure will increase the solubility of a gas in a liquid": According to Henry's law, \( C = kP\) (where \(C\) is the concentration of the gas in the liquid, \(k\) is the Henry's law constant, and \(P\) is the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid). As \(P\) decreases, \(C\) (solubility) decreases. So this statement is false.
• For the statement "Increasing pressure will increase the solubility of a solid in a liquid": Pressure has a negligible effect on the solubility of solids in liquids. Solids are already closely - packed, and changes in pressure do not significantly affect the dissolution process. So this statement is false.
• For the statement "Increasing temperature usually increases the solubility of a solid in a liquid": In most cases, when we increase the temperature, the kinetic energy of the solvent molecules increases. This helps in breaking the intermolecular forces in the solid and also in the solvent - solvent interactions, allowing more solid to dissolve. So this statement is true.
• For the statement "The solubility of a gas in a liquid decreases with increasing temperature": When the temperature of a gas - liquid solution increases, the kinetic energy of the gas molecules increases. The gas molecules have more energy to overcome the intermolecular forces (such as the solute - solvent interactions) and escape from the liquid. So this statement is true.
• For the statement "The solubility of a solid in a liquid increases with increasing pressure": As mentioned before, pressure has almost no effect on the solubility of solids in liquids. So this statement is false.

Answer:

1. False
2. False
3. True
4. True
5. False