Question

some chemical compounds are listed in the first column of the table below. each compound is soluble in water. imagine that a few tenths of a mole of each compound is dissolved in a liter of water. the important chemical species that would be present in this solution written in the second column of the table. use the checkboxes to classify each compound.

Explanation:

• For \(HNO_2\):
• It is a molecular compound as it is composed of non - metal atoms (\(H\), \(N\), \(O\)) held together by covalent bonds.
• Since the solution contains both the undissociated \(HNO_2\) and its dissociation products (\(H_3O^+\) and \(NO_2^-\)), it is a weak acid (weak acids only partially dissociate in water).
• For \(HClO_3\):
• It is a molecular compound (composed of \(H\), \(Cl\), \(O\) non - metals with covalent bonds).
• The solution has only \(H_3O^+\) and \(ClO_3^-\) (no undissociated \(HClO_3\) molecules), so it is a strong acid (strong acids completely dissociate in water).
• For \(KClO_3\):
• It is an ionic compound (composed of \(K^+\) cation and \(ClO_3^-\) anion).
• It is neither an acid nor a base. It is a salt (formed from the reaction of a base (\(KOH\)) and an acid (\(HClO_3\))).
• For \(KOH\):
• It is an ionic compound (\(K^+\) cation and \(OH^-\) anion).
• The solution has \(OH^-\) ions, so it is a strong base (strong bases completely dissociate in water to give \(OH^-\) ions).

Answer:

• \(HNO_2\): molecular, weak acid
• \(HClO_3\): molecular, strong acid
• \(KClO_3\): ionic
• \(KOH\): ionic, strong base