Question

question 1 (2 points)
male and female high school students reported how many hours they worked each week in summer jobs. the data are represented in the following box plots:
identify any values of data that might affect the statistical measures of spread and center. (2 points)
o a
the zero hour mark on both plots prevents the graphs from being balanced
o b
the median is near the center of the iqr for both males and females.
o c
there is not enough evidence to see any effects on spread or center.
o d
the males have a suspected significant high outlier.

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze option a

The zero - hour mark is an outlier for females (as seen from the box - plot with the circle at 0). Outliers can affect statistical measures of spread (like the range) and center (if the sample size is small). So, this option is correct.

Step2: Analyze option b

The median is the middle value of a data set. Just because there is an outlier (the 0 - hour mark for females), we cannot say the median is near the center of the IQR. The IQR is \(Q3 - Q1\). An outlier doesn't imply the median's position relative to the IQR in a balanced way. So, this option is incorrect.

Step3: Analyze option c

The 0 - hour mark for females is an outlier. Outliers can affect the spread (e.g., range) and can also affect the perception of the center (if we consider measures like the mean, and even for small - sample medians in a visual sense of the data distribution). So, there is evidence (the outlier) that can affect spread or center. So, this option is incorrect.

Step4: Analyze option d

The males' box - plot does not have a point that is far from the whiskers (an outlier). So, this option is incorrect.

Answer:

a. The zero hour mark on both plots prevents the graphs from being balanced.