Question

question 9 (1 point) when the standard deviation of test scores is small, this means a there are many outliers b the mean is unreliable c the distribution is skewed d scores are close together question 10 (1 point) a psychologist tests whether students who visualize words remember more later. students who draw pictures recall twice as many words. the psychologist should a reject the null hypothesis b conclude results are due to chance c conclude that the independent variable caused a strong effect on the dependent variable d a and b e a and c

Explanation:

• Question 9: Standard deviation measures the spread of data. A small standard deviation indicates that data points (test scores) are clustered closely around the mean. Outliers would increase the standard deviation. The mean's reliability is not directly related to a small standard deviation. Skewness is about the asymmetry of the distribution, not the spread.
• Question 10: If students who visualize (independent variable - drawing pictures) recall twice as many words (dependent variable - word recall), it shows a strong effect. When there is a significant effect (twice as many words recalled), we reject the null hypothesis (which would state no difference). Since there is a real - effect (not due to chance), we can conclude the independent variable has a strong effect.

Answer:

• Question 9: d. Scores are close together
• Question 10: e. A and C