Question

question 30 (1 point)
what is the charge of a cation?
o a a negative charge
o b the charge depends on the size of the nucleus.
o c a positive charge
o d no charge

question 31 (1 point)
which of the following statements is true about ions?
o a cations form when an atom gains electrons.
o b anions form when an atom loses protons.
o c anions form when an atom gains protons.
o d cations form when an atom loses electrons.

question 32 (1 point)
the metals in groups 1a, 2a, and 3a
o a lose electrons when they form ions.
o b all form ions with a negative charge.
o c all have ions with a 1* charge.
o d gain electrons when they form ions.

question 33 (1 point)
which of the following statements is true about ions?
o a anions are positively charged ions.

Explanation:

• Question 30: Cations are positively - charged ions. An atom loses electrons to form a cation. Since electrons are negatively charged, losing them results in a net positive charge.
• Question 31: When an atom loses electrons, the number of protons (positively charged) exceeds the number of electrons (negatively charged), and a cation is formed. Gaining electrons forms an anion, and protons are not lost or gained in ion - formation (nuclear reactions are a different case).
• Question 32: Metals in Groups 1A, 2A, and 3A are electropositive. They tend to lose electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration (like the nearest noble gas). For example, Group 1A metals lose 1 electron, Group 2A lose 2 electrons, and Group 3A lose 3 electrons.

Answer:

• Question 30: c. a positive charge
• Question 31: d. Cations form when an atom loses electrons
• Question 32: a. lose electrons when they form ions