Question

question 16 of 27
write the complete ground - state electron configuration of al³⁺.
for multi - digit superscripts or coefficients, use each number in succession.

Explanation:

Step1: Determine the atomic number of Al

The atomic number of Al (aluminum) is 13. So, a neutral Al atom has 13 electrons.

Step2: Consider the charge of \(Al^{3 +}\)

Since \(Al^{3+}\) has a +3 charge, it has lost 3 electrons. So, the number of electrons in \(Al^{3+}\) is \(13 - 3=10\) electrons.

Step3: Write the electron - configuration

Using the Aufbau principle (filling electrons in the order of increasing energy of orbitals: \(1s<2s < 2p<3s<3p<4s<3d\cdots\)), for 10 electrons:

• The \(1s\) orbital can hold 2 electrons: \(1s^{2}\)
• The \(2s\) orbital can hold 2 electrons: \(2s^{2}\)
• The \(2p\) orbital can hold 6 electrons: \(2p^{6}\)

Answer:

\(1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}\)