Question

name of the student: date: period: name of ionic compound formula 1. aluminum chloride 2. potassium chloride 3. sodium sulfide 4. magnesium chloride 5. barium chloride 6. calcium chloride 7. sodium oxide 8. magnesium oxide 9. calcium oxide 10. copper chloride

Explanation:

To determine the formulas of these ionic compounds, we use the principle of charge balance: the total positive charge from cations equals the total negative charge from anions.

1. Aluminum Chloride

• Aluminum ion: $Al^{3+}$ (charge = +3)
• Chloride ion: $Cl^-$ (charge = -1)
• To balance charges: 1 $Al^{3+}$ needs 3 $Cl^-$ (since 3*(-1) = -3, balancing +3).

Formula: $AlCl_3$

2. Potassium Chloride

• Potassium ion: $K^+$ (charge = +1)
• Chloride ion: $Cl^-$ (charge = -1)
• Charges balance 1:1.

Formula: $KCl$

3. Sodium Sulfide

• Sodium ion: $Na^+$ (charge = +1)
• Sulfide ion: $S^{2-}$ (charge = -2)
• To balance: 2 $Na^+$ (2*+1 = +2) balance 1 $S^{2-}$ (-2).

Formula: $Na_2S$

4. Magnesium Chloride

• Magnesium ion: $Mg^{2+}$ (charge = +2)
• Chloride ion: $Cl^-$ (charge = -1)
• To balance: 1 $Mg^{2+}$ needs 2 $Cl^-$ (2*(-1) = -2, balancing +2).

Formula: $MgCl_2$

5. Barium Chloride

• Barium ion: $Ba^{2+}$ (charge = +2)
• Chloride ion: $Cl^-$ (charge = -1)
• To balance: 1 $Ba^{2+}$ needs 2 $Cl^-$ (2*(-1) = -2, balancing +2).

Formula: $BaCl_2$

6. Calcium Chloride

• Calcium ion: $Ca^{2+}$ (charge = +2)
• Chloride ion: $Cl^-$ (charge = -1)
• To balance: 1 $Ca^{2+}$ needs 2 $Cl^-$ (2*(-1) = -2, balancing +2).

Formula: $CaCl_2$

7. Sodium Oxide

• Sodium ion: $Na^+$ (charge = +1)
• Oxide ion: $O^{2-}$ (charge = -2)
• To balance: 2 $Na^+$ (2*+1 = +2) balance 1 $O^{2-}$ (-2).

Formula: $Na_2O$

8. Magnesium Oxide

• Magnesium ion: $Mg^{2+}$ (charge = +2)
• Oxide ion: $O^{2-}$ (charge = -2)
• Charges balance 1:1.

Formula: $MgO$

9. Calcium Oxide

• Calcium ion: $Ca^{2+}$ (charge = +2)
• Oxide ion: $O^{2-}$ (charge = -2)
• Charges balance 1:1.

Formula: $CaO$

10. Copper Chloride (assuming $Cu^{2+}$; if $Cu^+$, it would be $CuCl$)

• Copper(II) ion: $Cu^{2+}$ (charge = +2)
• Chloride ion: $Cl^-$ (charge = -1)
• To balance: 1 $Cu^{2+}$ needs 2 $Cl^-$ (2*(-1) = -2, balancing +2).

Formula: $CuCl_2$

Name of ionic compound	Formula
2. Potassium Chloride	$KCl$
3. Sodium Sulfide	$Na_2S$
4. Magnesium Chloride	$MgCl_2$
5. Barium Chloride	$BaCl_2$
6. Calcium Chloride	$CaCl_2$
7. Sodium Oxide	$Na_2O$
8. Magnesium Oxide	$MgO$
9. Calcium Oxide	$CaO$
10. Copper Chloride	$CuCl_2$

Answer:

To determine the formulas of these ionic compounds, we use the principle of charge balance: the total positive charge from cations equals the total negative charge from anions.

1. Aluminum Chloride

• Aluminum ion: $Al^{3+}$ (charge = +3)
• Chloride ion: $Cl^-$ (charge = -1)
• To balance charges: 1 $Al^{3+}$ needs 3 $Cl^-$ (since 3*(-1) = -3, balancing +3).

Formula: $AlCl_3$

2. Potassium Chloride

• Potassium ion: $K^+$ (charge = +1)
• Chloride ion: $Cl^-$ (charge = -1)
• Charges balance 1:1.

Formula: $KCl$

3. Sodium Sulfide

• Sodium ion: $Na^+$ (charge = +1)
• Sulfide ion: $S^{2-}$ (charge = -2)
• To balance: 2 $Na^+$ (2*+1 = +2) balance 1 $S^{2-}$ (-2).

Formula: $Na_2S$

4. Magnesium Chloride

• Magnesium ion: $Mg^{2+}$ (charge = +2)
• Chloride ion: $Cl^-$ (charge = -1)
• To balance: 1 $Mg^{2+}$ needs 2 $Cl^-$ (2*(-1) = -2, balancing +2).

Formula: $MgCl_2$

5. Barium Chloride

• Barium ion: $Ba^{2+}$ (charge = +2)
• Chloride ion: $Cl^-$ (charge = -1)
• To balance: 1 $Ba^{2+}$ needs 2 $Cl^-$ (2*(-1) = -2, balancing +2).

Formula: $BaCl_2$

6. Calcium Chloride

• Calcium ion: $Ca^{2+}$ (charge = +2)
• Chloride ion: $Cl^-$ (charge = -1)
• To balance: 1 $Ca^{2+}$ needs 2 $Cl^-$ (2*(-1) = -2, balancing +2).

Formula: $CaCl_2$

7. Sodium Oxide

• Sodium ion: $Na^+$ (charge = +1)
• Oxide ion: $O^{2-}$ (charge = -2)
• To balance: 2 $Na^+$ (2*+1 = +2) balance 1 $O^{2-}$ (-2).

Formula: $Na_2O$

8. Magnesium Oxide

• Magnesium ion: $Mg^{2+}$ (charge = +2)
• Oxide ion: $O^{2-}$ (charge = -2)
• Charges balance 1:1.

Formula: $MgO$

9. Calcium Oxide

• Calcium ion: $Ca^{2+}$ (charge = +2)
• Oxide ion: $O^{2-}$ (charge = -2)
• Charges balance 1:1.

Formula: $CaO$

10. Copper Chloride (assuming $Cu^{2+}$; if $Cu^+$, it would be $CuCl$)

• Copper(II) ion: $Cu^{2+}$ (charge = +2)
• Chloride ion: $Cl^-$ (charge = -1)
• To balance: 1 $Cu^{2+}$ needs 2 $Cl^-$ (2*(-1) = -2, balancing +2).

Formula: $CuCl_2$

Name of ionic compound	Formula
2. Potassium Chloride	$KCl$
3. Sodium Sulfide	$Na_2S$
4. Magnesium Chloride	$MgCl_2$
5. Barium Chloride	$BaCl_2$
6. Calcium Chloride	$CaCl_2$
7. Sodium Oxide	$Na_2O$
8. Magnesium Oxide	$MgO$
9. Calcium Oxide	$CaO$
10. Copper Chloride	$CuCl_2$