Question

match the following atoms to the statement that best describes how they react. copper forms a cation with a 1+ charge phosphorus loses 2 electrons lodine forms a 3 - ion rubidium can form multiple ions magnesium reacts to attain the same number of electrons as xenon

Explanation:

• Copper: It is a transition metal and can form multiple ions such as \(Cu^{+}\) and \(Cu^{2+}\).
• Phosphorus: It has 5 valence electrons and gains 3 electrons to form \(P^{3 -}\) ion.
• Iodine: It has 7 valence electrons. When it reacts, it gains 1 electron to attain the electron configuration of xenon (in some cases, for example, when forming compounds like \(KI\), \(I^{-}\) is formed which has the same electron - configuration as xenon in terms of the outermost electron shell).
• Rubidium: It is an alkali metal with 1 valence electron. It loses 1 electron to form \(Rb^{+}\) (a cation with \(1+\) charge).
• Magnesium: It has 2 valence electrons and loses 2 electrons to form \(Mg^{2+}\).

Answer:

• Copper: Can form multiple ions
• Phosphorus: Forms a 3 - ion
• Iodine: Reacts to attain the same number of electrons as xenon
• Rubidium: Forms a cation with a 1+ charge
• Magnesium: Loses 2 electrons