Question

khalil is planning a picnic lunch for the students at his school. each lunch will include a piece of fruit. khalil surveys a random sample of 40 students to see which type of fruit they will choose. which claim is most strongly supported by the data? more students at the school will choose a pear than an apple. exactly 5 students at the school will choose a plum. no students at the school will choose a banana. students at the school will choose a peach more often than any other fruit.

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze each option

• Option 1: Number of students choosing pear ($10$) < number of students choosing apple ($9$). So this option is wrong.
• Option 2: The sample has $40$ students and $5$ chose plum. But for the whole school (not just the sample), we can't say exactly 5 students will choose plum. This is a sample - based inference, not an exact count. So this option is wrong.
• Option 3: Just because no one in the sample of 40 students chose banana doesn't mean no one in the whole school will choose banana. This is a hasty generalization from the sample. So this option is wrong.
• Option 4: Number of students choosing peach ($16$) is more than the number of students choosing banana ($0$), plum ($5$), apple ($9$), and pear ($10$) in the sample. Since it's a random sample, it's a reasonable inference that students at the school will choose a peach more often than any other fruit.

Answer:

Students at the school will choose a peach more often than any other fruit.