Question

investigating the different items, and conducting tests for malleability, conductivity, and reactivity, you create a data with your results. use this data table to answer the questions.

1. based on the data above, classify each substance as a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid
2. how does the reactivity with hydrochloric acid and copper(ii) chloride help distinguish between metals, nonmetals, and metalloids?

only nonmetals react with hydrochloric acid and copper(ii) chloride, producing a gas.
metals show strong reactions (such as bubbling or color changes) with hydrochloric acid and often with copper(ii) chloride, while nonmetals generally do not react. metalloids show little or no reaction with either substance.

Explanation:

• Substance A: Shiny, malleable (flattens easily), high electrical conductivity, reacts with HCl (bubbles form immediately). These are properties of a metal.
• Substance B: Gray, dull, brittle, low electrical conductivity, no reaction with HCl or \(CuCl_2\). These are properties of a non - metal.
• Substance C: Shiny, somewhat malleable (flattens somewhat), medium electrical conductivity, slow reaction with HCl (slow bubbling) and faint reaction with \(CuCl_2\). These are properties of a metalloid.
• Substance D: Yellow, powdery, brittle, no electrical conductivity, no reaction with HCl or \(CuCl_2\). These are properties of a non - metal.
• Substance E: Silver, shiny, malleable (flattens easily), high electrical conductivity, reacts with HCl (bubbles form, slow) and \(CuCl_2\) (turns green). These are properties of a metal.
• Substance F: Dull, gray, flutters, cracks (not fully malleable), medium - low electrical conductivity, slow reaction with HCl (slow bubbling), no reaction with \(CuCl_2\). These are properties of a metalloid.

For question 2:

• Metals have the tendency to lose electrons. In the case of reaction with HCl (\(HCl = H^{+}+Cl^{-}\)), metals (M) can react as \(M + nH^{+}\to M^{n +}+ \frac{n}{2}H_2\uparrow\) (producing hydrogen gas which causes bubbling). With \(CuCl_2\) (\(CuCl_2=Cu^{2 +}+2Cl^{-}\)), if a metal (M) is more reactive than Cu, it can displace Cu as \(M + Cu^{2+}\to M^{2+}+Cu\) (causing color change). Non - metals generally do not have the tendency to lose electrons in these redox reactions (so no reaction). Metalloids have intermediate properties and show little or no reaction.

Answer:

1.
A. Metal
F. Metalloid
E. Metal
D. Nonmetal
C. Metalloid
B. Nonmetal

1. Metals show strong reactions (such as bubbling or color changes) with hydrochloric acid and often with copper(II) chloride, while nonmetals generally do not react. Metalloids show little or no reaction with either substance.