Question

1. as a group, discuss some examples of each:

elements -

atoms -

compounds -

molecules -

1. as a group, write a formula for each of these compounds:

a. sodium chloride
b. magnesium chloride
c. water
d. carbon dioxide

Explanation:

Step1: Recall Chemical Nomenclature Rules

For ionic compounds (like sodium chloride, magnesium chloride), use the charges of ions to balance. For covalent compounds (like water, carbon dioxide), use prefixes or valence to determine ratios.

Step2: Sodium Chloride Formula

Sodium ion is $Na^+$, chloride ion is $Cl^-$. To balance, 1 $Na^+$ and 1 $Cl^-$, so formula is $NaCl$.

Step3: Magnesium Chloride Formula

Magnesium ion is $Mg^{2+}$, chloride ion is $Cl^-$. Need 2 $Cl^-$ to balance $Mg^{2+}$, so formula is $MgCl_2$.

Step4: Water Formula

Water is $H_2O$ (2 hydrogen, 1 oxygen, covalent).

Step5: Carbon Dioxide Formula

Carbon has +4, oxygen has -2. 1 C and 2 O to balance, so $CO_2$.

Answer:

a. Sodium chloride: $NaCl$
b. Magnesium chloride: $MgCl_2$
c. Water: $H_2O$
d. Carbon dioxide: $CO_2$