Question

in the following argument, identify the promise and conclusion, explain why the argument is deceptive, and identify the type of fallacy it represents.
i will not give money to the tsunami relief organization. after i last gave to a charity, an audit showed that most of the money was used to pay its administrators in the front office.
choose the best explanation for why the argument is deceptive.
a. the conclusion is based on a personal allegation and stated as if it were caused by the premise.
b. the conclusion is stated as if it were the only possible conclusion and the premise is stated as the opposite as the conclusion.
c. the premise is stated as the opposite as the conclusion and uses ignorance about the truth to conclude the opposite.
d. the conclusion is drawn from an inadequate number of cases.
choose the type of fallacy the argument represents. select all that apply.
a. limited choice
b. hasty generalization
c. circular reasoning
d. personal attack
e. straw man

Explanation:

• Premise: After I last gave to a charity, an audit showed that most of the money was used to pay its administrators in the front office.
• Conclusion: I will not give money to the tsunami relief organization.
• The argument is deceptive because the conclusion is drawn from an inadequate number of cases (only one experience with a charity). Just because one charity misused funds doesn't mean the tsunami relief organization will.
• Hasty generalization is a fallacy where a conclusion is drawn based on insufficient evidence. Here, one bad experience with a charity is generalized to all charities (including the tsunami relief organization).

Answer:

• Premise: After I last gave to a charity, an audit showed that most of the money was used to pay its administrators in the front office.
• Conclusion: I will not give money to the tsunami relief organization.
• Explanation for deceptiveness: D. The conclusion is drawn from an inadequate number of cases.
• Type of fallacy: B. hasty generalization.