Question

explain what happens during partial hydrogenation of fats and oils that can make them particularly unhealthy, contributing to plaque formation and heart disease?
select the correct answer below:
partial hydrogenation is meant to convert some of the fatty acid double bonds (which are cis in naturally occuring fatty acids) to single bonds, but also converts some of the cis double bonds to trans. trans double bonds are shaped more like single bonds, allowing them to pack more easily and form arterial plaques.
partial hydrogenation is meant to convert some of the fatty acid double bonds (which are trans in naturally occuring fatty acids) to single bonds, but also converts some of the trans double bonds to cis. cis double bonds are shaped more like single bonds, allowing them to pack more easily and form arterial plaques.
partial hydrogenation is meant to convert some of the fatty acid double bonds to single bonds, but often converts all of the double bonds to single bonds, creating saturated fats that pack more easily and form arterial plaques.
partial hydrogenation is meant to convert some of the fatty acid double bonds (which are cis in naturally occuring fatty acids) to single bonds, but if there are any trans double bonds present to begin with, their bonds are broken, splitting the fatty acids into toxic byproducts.

Explanation:

• In naturally occurring fatty acids, double bonds are cis. Partial hydrogenation aims to convert some double bonds to single bonds.
• However, it also converts some cis double bonds to trans. Trans double bonds are shaped more like single bonds.
• This allows them to pack more easily and contribute to arterial plaque formation and heart disease.

Answer:

Partial hydrogenation is meant to convert some of the fatty acid double bonds (which are cis in naturally occuring fatty acids) to single bonds, but also converts some of the cis double bonds to trans. Trans double bonds are shaped more like single bonds, allowing them to pack more easily and form arterial plaques.