Question

1. for each structure, identify which compound class it belongs to. b) and f) are aldehydes and c) is a ketone.

a)

h h h h

h-c-c-c-c-oh

h h h h

b)

h h o

h-c-c-c

h h h

c)

h o h h

h-c-c-c-c-h

h h h

d)

h h h

h-c-c-n

h h h

e)

h h o

h-c-c-c

h h o-h

f)

h o
| |
h-c-c
| |
h h

alcohol aldehyde ketone carboxylic acid amine
a ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
b ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
c ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
d ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
e ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
f ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze Structure A

Structure A has a -OH group attached to a carbon chain (butanol structure). Alcohols have the -OH functional group. So A is alcohol.

Step2: Analyze Structure B

Given B is an aldehyde. Aldehydes have -CHO group (carbonyl with H attached). So B is aldehyde.

Step3: Analyze Structure C

Given C is a ketone. Ketones have -CO- (carbonyl between two carbons). So C is ketone.

Step4: Analyze Structure D

Structure D has -NH₂ group (amine functional group, primary amine here). So D is amine.

Step5: Analyze Structure E

Structure E has -COOH group (carboxylic acid: -CO - OH). So E is carboxylic acid.

Step6: Analyze Structure F

Given F is an aldehyde (has -CHO group). So F is aldehyde.

Answer:

• A: alcohol (select the circle under "alcohol" for A)
• B: aldehyde (select the circle under "aldehyde" for B)
• C: ketone (select the circle under "ketone" for C)
• D: amine (select the circle under "amine" for D)
• E: carboxylic acid (select the circle under "carboxylic acid" for E)
• F: aldehyde (select the circle under "aldehyde" for F)