Question

1. the characteristics or properties of a substance are mainly determined by

the speed at which the electrons are travelling within the substance
the conditions in the environment where the substance is found.
the types of atoms found within the substance and how they are bonded
or arranged.
the size of the atoms or molecules that make up the substance.

Explanation:

The properties of a substance are fundamentally related to its composition. The types of atoms and their bonding or arrangement (e.g., covalent, ionic bonds in different substances) dictate chemical and physical properties. Electron speed affects some transient behaviors but not core properties. Environmental conditions (like temperature, pressure) can modify properties but are external. Atom/molecule size is a factor but secondary to type and bonding.

Answer:

the types of atoms found within the substance and how they are bonded or arranged.