Question

ch 17 there is an evidence against the null hypothesis whenever the p - value is: 0.5. large. 1. small. question 16 1 pts ch 17* experiments on learning in animals sometimes measure how long it takes mice to find their way through a maze. the mean time is 18 seconds for one particular maze. a researcher thinks that a loud noise will cause the mice to complete the maze faster. she measures how long each of 10 mice takes with a noise as stimulus. the sample mean is (x^{-}=16.5) seconds. the alternative hypothesis for the test is (ha:mu < 18). (ha:mu > 16.5). (h_{a}:mu
eq18). (ha:mu > 18).

Explanation:

1. For the first question, the p - value is the probability of obtaining results as extreme or more extreme than the observed data, assuming the null hypothesis is true. A small p - value (usually less than a pre - set significance level like 0.05) indicates that the observed data is unlikely under the null hypothesis, so it provides evidence against the null hypothesis.
2. For the second question, the researcher believes that a loud noise will cause the mice to complete the maze faster. The original mean time is 18 seconds. The alternative hypothesis ($H_a$) represents the researcher's claim. Since the claim is that the time will be less with the noise, the alternative hypothesis is $H_a:\mu< 18$, where $\mu$ is the population mean time for mice to complete the maze with the noise.

Answer:

1. small.
2. $H_a:\mu < 18$.